August 25 - September 1, 2018: Issue 373

 

Historic Photographers Of Pittwater: Harold 'Caz' Cazneaux 1878 - 1953



Cazneaux, Harold. (193-?). Harold Cazneaux leaning on a camera looking to one side, 1930s? Courtesy National Library of Australia.  Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-144168829
For anyone who loves photography the visions captured by Harold Cazneaux will feature among their favourites. A gentleman who worked ceaselessly in his chosen vocation for decades, Mr. Cazneaux, or 'Caz' as he preferred to be known, shifted the ground in terms of what was captured and how and when it was captured creating not only imagery of iconic places and events but also photographs that in themselves have become iconic for their style, essence and the presence we sense in them - still.

His images of our area allow us to see here as it was prior to the sprouting of suburbs and also celebrate the person placed in this environment, more so when you understand that many of his early and later images of here contain family members. In fact, family was his wellspring, his heart and his home.

Dick Smith, yes the Dick Smith of Dick Smith Electronics, the grandson of Harold Cazneaux, stated in a 2008 interview where yet another Art Gallery of NSW Exhibition 'Harold Cazneaux: Artist in Photography' was celebrating his works;

‘He used to take me to the beach at Dee Why.’ 
‘he was a very gentle person, unassuming..’
‘his photographs were of places that he loved – the Flinders Ranges and Dee Why beach. Most people would not realise that the photos which show the Razzle Dazzle or the beaches come from Dee Why beach because that was my grandfather’s favourite place to take us.
‘We would all go down in the silver anniversary Buick that he owned, to Dee Why beach, this was in the early 1950’s when he wasn’t photographing ( full time any more). To look at those photographs now and see the headland of Long Reef on the background, it takes me back to the wonderful weekends we had with my grandfather and my grandmother.’

Harold was himself the grandson of celebrated Artist, Edward Lancelott Cazneau. Family records speak of members moving from their native country France to Boston, U.S.A., in the middle of the 18th century. Some records state the Cazneaus were French Huguenots whose ancestor Paix (Peace) Cazneau migrated to America and established the family in Boston Massachussetts in the late 17th century. Some of our earliest newspapers record one relatives activities and interest and an attitude that was rare in those times:

PARTIES IX THE ISLAND.—CAZNEAU'S NEGOTIATIONS.
Santiago (island of Hayti), Sep. 14, 1854.
The inland of Hayti is divided nominally between two Governments, namely the Dominican He public at the east, which is under white preponderance, and the west, which is exclusively under the black. There is, however, a third party in the centre of the island, almost distinct from either. The rich district of the gold-teeming Cibao and the fertile plain of the Vega are considered a part of the Dominican Republic, but it has its own independent aims and sympathies not entirely in accordance with those of the capital and extreme east of the Republic.
Central Hayti is white with a dash of Indian, as Eastern Hayti is white with a dash of African, and more than any other part of the island it cherishes an uncompromising hatred of the Haytiens. In every quarter the inhabitants have before their eyes the ruins of their former prosperity, and every family has its own tale of the horrors about negro invasions. They are afraid of even a positive peace and free intercourse with Hayti, lest it might lead, as it did once before, to a union of the whole island under a coloured government. They openly declare themselves in favour of annexation to the United States, and have never ceased to demand white immigration.
You will understand, therefore, that the island of Hayti is divided into two governments and three parties, and that each party has about an equal share of the territory, but the Hayti jqs have two-thirds of the entire population, or 650,000 out of a million souls.
Eastern Hayti is so much under European influence that it may any day succumb to the European policy, which is declared here without reserve, of uniting with Hayti, bat for the central districts, which are anti-European almost to a man.
The geographical position of these districts is much against their independence, for they are between the two fires of Hayti on the one side and European rassatage on the other. A recognition by the United States would be highly serviceable to the Dominican Republic and if it comes in time would unite its sections in a common sentiment, and settle it firmly in its place as an independent American State. I do not wish to see this island or any part of it annexed to the United States. It ought to be recognized for the sake of our own citizens, who would then have the monopoly of her trade, and entirely clothe his people with our cotton.
A Commissioner from the United States is at the capital of the republic, negotiating a treaty which will give our citizens the right to buy land and work mines, with all the rights and privileges of native citizens. This is the same as giving a new State to American enterprise, and we must not forget that these rights and advantages extend to all classes and colours, and in particular it opens a splendid field for educated men of mixed blood. The laws and the constitution make no distinction of colour, and the customs of society accept for white men ail in whom the white blood visibly preponderates.
I cannot say how pure African would pass, for I have not met any one whose education and position would place him in the highest society if he was white, and the want of these requisites is keeping down the blacks here quite as positively as in the United States.
Let the friends of the coloured race try out the problem of its capacities on this friendly soil and in this favourable climate. There is nothing here, not even the prejudices of society, to hinder their efforts. Land is cheap, fertile, the laws liberal, society kind, and the country very near to you. Send school-books and teachers, and encourage the flower and force of the coloured men of the Union to come here and show the world what they were worth. There will be sense and reality in such a movement, and its results will be tangible facts, and we want some real solid facts to thicken all the froth of philanthropy with which the United States are simmering. PARTIES IN THE ISLAND.—CAZNEAU'S NEGOTIATIONS. (1855, March 17). Adelaide Observer (SA : 1843 - 1904), p. 7. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article158102694 

THE CAZNEAU PLAN— THE SPANISH WEST INDIES.
In a letter to an officer of the West Indian' Company, General W. L. Cazneau, U. S. Commissioner, under Pierce and Buchanan, to the Dominican Republic, suggests a very concise solution of the Dominican entanglement with Spain. He says, under date 3 of September 7th, 1865 : — 
Spain demands the repayment of her outlays in the attempted subjugation of the Dominican Republic, and under this pretence, she will grasp at Samana, the Gibraltar of the Antilles, if. the United States maintain silence.' ' If no objection is made to this acquisition in front of our Southern coasts, of a capacious bay, commanded by natural strongholds, unequalled in the West Indies, as General M'Clellan can testify by personal survey, France may accept the precedent and seize _ upon Lower California or the Tehuantepec transit route, in compensation for her services in forcing an Emperor on Mexico. ' In either case, an appeal to the just arbitration of a disinterested power would force an award for damages in favour of the American Republic, who have suffered so ruinously from European invasion. . ' So soon as President Johnson shall have established treaty relations with the Dominican Republic, this Spanish demand will be met by a counter demand for damages for the destruction of the Dominican cities of Puerto Plata and Santiago, and for other immense lasses inflicted on the Republic by the invading forces of Spain. ' The suppression of the Dominican Republic by Spain had no colour of legality. It was not in accordance with the will of the people, for it was never in any form submitted to them, and all the representatives of the foreign Powers know, and without exception must admit, that not one hundred Dominicans in a hundred was willing to accept the rule of Spain. The masses were disarmed, and their fortified points already delivered into the hands of Spanish emissaries by the subtle treason of President Santana, when the Queen of Spain was proclaimed in Santo Domingo by a coup d'etat. The city was completely covered by Spanish cannon when the blow was struck, and for a brief space the betrayed Dominicans were stunned and powerless. They soon rallied, however, and after a desperate struggle of three years, during which they have displayed a heroic, self-sacrificing constancy almost without a parallel in history, Spain was compelled to retire from the Dominican soil. It was never a just or legitimate occupation. It was the temporary extinction of a truly free and independent American Republic, by an infinitely stronger European power, through the treason of the Executive, aided by a daring combination of secret fraud and open force. ' The project of the annexation to Spain was never submitted to the co-ordinate branches of the Government, any more than it was to the Dominican people. It was to the last possible moment kept from their knowledge and action, as it was from the people, and Spain can make no claim on the plea of legally authorised invitation to enter into possession. I regret, therefore, that it is of damages to be put to, not of indemnity from the Dominicans, that we should treat. Let every Spanish demand be met with Dominican counter-claims, and let England or the United States hear and arbitrate between them.' ' THE CAZNEAU PLAN—THE SPANISH WEST INDIES. (1866, January 13). Sydney Mail (NSW : 1860 - 1871), p. 6. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article166663051 

William Leslie Cazneau (1807–1876) was a Texas pioneer and is credited with having buried the Alamo Heroes with full military honors.  Cazneau was born in Boston and came to Texas in 1830. He was the older son of ship master William L. Cazneau (1768–1866). In the late 1840s, he married Jane McManus Storms Cazneau (1807-1878, daughter of Congressman William McManus).

His brother was Gen. Thomas N. Cazneau of California (1812–1873). His sister was Mary Eliza Cazneau who married Joshua Holden in Texas in 1844 and later moved to Sonora, California in 1849. He died at his estate in Jamaica in 1876.

Early in the 19th Century two great-uncles returned to England, one of them to become a master ship-builder in Liverpool; another to preach in Trinity Chapel, London. Harold's grandfather, Edward Lancelot Cazneaux, born 1809 or 1810 in England according to some records, studied at the Royal Academy of Arts and become a successful portrait and landscape painter.

In 1828 E L Cazneau entered Dublin's Society Schools as a pupil. In 1935 he married Margaret Sharpe in Dublin, who was then 16, the daughter of Sarah Sharpe, robe and gown maker for the University. Four of their sons were born in Ireland. Pierce Mott Cazneau, father of Harold, was born in 1849 in Birkenhead, Cheshire (1851 census) and grew up in Liverpool.


Edward Lancelott Cozneau, artist– family has a drawing done by him dated 1851 Cazneaux, Harold & Cazneau, Edward Lancelot. (19-?). Portrait of Edward Lancelot Cazneau Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-144115574

Edward Lancelot Cazneaux died in Liverpool in 1855. His widow, acting on the advice of her brother who was a sea-captain in the Australian coastal trade, came out to Australia with her five of her sons in the ship "Great Britain" in 1855. One son, Edward Lancelot junior died in 1853. 

Margaret invested her money in sheep at Eden on Twofold Bay and when this venture failed, moved to Newcastle and then Sydney and supported herself as a concert pianist and a teacher of music - very fine music:

EDEN. (From a Correspondent. On Saturday evening October 8th, this township translivened by a grand vocal and instrumental concert given by Mr. W. Cazneau, assisted by Mrs. Cazneau and Mr. J. de Wolb; the programme was very-tastefully selected, and the performances of a very creditable affair, especially the comic singing of J. de Wolb, and the performance of Mrs. Cazneau on the pianoforte. We regret to say that the attendance was not at all worthy of the spirited effort of the performers. We hope that they will not be dispirited by the example of the Eden people, but try their fortunes at Pambula, Bega, and other places, as such amusements are much required, and deserve the support of the country districts. EDEN. (1859, October 19). The Goulburn Herald and County of Argyle Advertiser (NSW : 1848 - 1859), p. 3. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article118246560 

MARRIAGE.
CAZNEAU — KUHN. — On the 25th January, at St. Andrews Church, Waratah, by Rev. E. Lewis, WARREN HOUSMAN CAZNEAU, third son of the late Edward Lancelott Cazneau, Esq., of Liverpool, England, to ANETTA KUHN, eldest daughter of P. Kuhn, Waratah. Family Notices (1872, February 3). The Newcastle Chronicle (NSW : 1866 - 1876), p. 4. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article111144985 

CAZNEAU—May 25, at Newcastle, the wife of Mr. Warren H. Cazneau, of a daughter. Family Notices (1873, June 14). The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954), p. 9. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article13313610 

NEWCASTLE LIEDERTAFEL.
THE annual general meeting of the Newcastle Liedertafel was held last night at the old Masonic Hall (Moroney's Hotel). There was a good attendance of members, and the chair was occupied by Mr. W. A. Orr.
Mr. PRESCOTT CAZNEAU moved, "That Mr. Joseph Wood be re-elected to the presidency of this Liedertafel." He was sure, if he addressed them all night, that nothing he could say would be sufficiently eulogistic of Mr.. Wood, and he considered he had proved himself to be a thorough enthusiast in the -society; because it was a well-known fact that if anyone wanted to know the value of a man they touched his purse, and Mr. Wood in this respect had showed practical sympathy for the society. (Applause.) He considered, in proposing Mr. Wood, that that gentleman's valedictory remarks were coupled with such affection to the society and members. that it should be the last thought in their minds to appoint another president whilst he was able to conduct the society. (Applause.)… NEWCASTLE LIEDERTAFEL. (1888, June 29). Newcastle Morning Herald and Miners' Advocate (NSW : 1876 - 1954), p. 5. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article135919054 

CAZNEAU.—June 17, 1893, at her son's residence, 25  Forbes street, Darlington, Margaret Cazneau, relict of the late Edward Lancelott Cazneau, artist, Liverpool, England. Family Notices (1893, June 24). The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954), p. 1. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article13922538 

Pierce Mott Cazneau  (1849 -1928) was a professional photographer. He worked in Sydney during the 1860s, first for Freeman Brothers. At Freemans he met Emily Bentley, a miniature portrait painter and colourist for the studios who also was known to take photographs later on.


Cazneaux, Harold & Cazneaux & Connolly (N.Z.). (19-?). Portrait of Pierce Mott Cazneau, 2 – 1870s’ Courtesy National Library of Australia. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-144115828


Cazneau, Pierce Mott & Freeman & Co. (187-?). Portrait of Emily Florence Bentley, Sydney, ca. 1870s, 1 Courtesy National Library of Australia. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-144115937

He formed a short lived partnership the "Cazneau Brothers" with his older brother Warren in 1870, taking over the studio of Alex Smithers in Hunter Street, Newcastle that appears to have closed the following year. 

PHOTOGRAPHY.
CAZNEAU, BROTHERS, beg to draw the attention of the inhabitants of Newcastle and surrounding districts, that they have OPENED a PHOTOGRAPHIC STUDIO, where they intend producing Pictures in the best and most fashionable style ;
also, the Improved Systom of Taking Children INSTANTANEOUSLY, whereby they can obtain an accurate and pleasing likeness.
CAZNEAU, BROTHERS, also respectfully draw the attention to the Coloured Portions of their Art, now on view in their Studio, and worthy of inspection.
They can guarantee a beautiful, soft, and natural tint to their pictures. They will spare no expense and at-tion to please those who patronise them.
CAZNEAU, BROTHERS, also take View, Business Houses, Ships, Horses, and Cattle, in the most approved style.
Specimons can be seen at the STUDIO, Hunter-street, Next door to Mr. Turri's.
Advertising (1870, April 30). The Newcastle Chronicle (NSW : 1866 - 1876), p. 1. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article111160879

Florence joined Mott in Wellington where they were married and they worked together for Wrigglesworth and Binns. 

MARRIAGES.
COZNEAU-BENTLEY.-December 23, by the Rev. H. B. Redstone, New Zealand, Pierce Mott, Cozneau, sixth son of the late Edward Lancelott Cozneau, artist, Liverpool, England, to Emily Florence Bentley, youngest daughter of the late R. Bentley, Esq., Sydney. Family Notices (1877, January 13). Australian Town and Country Journal (Sydney, NSW : 1870 - 1907), p. 33. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article70598252 

The couple resided in Martin's Cottages, Taranaki Street and had three children, including son Harold Pierce Cazneau born 30 March 1878, Carmen, born 1882, and Major Gordon, born 1880, also known as 'King' and another boy, possibly a twin of Gordon/King - Gerald, or he was born after Carmen. Gerald passed away when still young in 1901:

AUSTRALIAN CASUALTIES.
345th List
The following is the 345th list of casualties sustained by members of the Australian
Imperial Forces:—
NEW SOUTH WALES.
Wounded
Pte. MAJOR GORDON CAZNEAU, North Sydney. AUSTRALIAN CASUALTIES. (1917, October 25). The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954), p. 8. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article15754165 


Cazneaux, Harold & Wrigglesworth & Binns (Wellington, N.Z.). (19-?). Emily Cazneau wearing a hat and holding baby Harold  Courtesy National Library of Australia. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-144117069


Emily and 'King' circa 1881 - Cazneaux, Harold & Wrigglesworth & Binns (Wellington, N.Z.). (19-?). Emily Cazneau wearing a hat and holding baby King  Courtesy National Library of Australia. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-144117172


Cazneau, Pierce Mott. (188-?). Emily Cazneau leaning on wall, ca. 1880s  Courtesy National Library of Australia. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-144117408

Records indicate P. Mott Cazneau had his own studio during the period of his tenure with Wrigglesworth and Binns as he was fined for allowing the chimney in his home to catch fire and described as a photographer of Cuba St (Evening Post, 22 May 1878) whereas Wrigglesworth & Binns studio was in Willis Street.

In 1883 he left the employment of Wrigglesworth and Binns and opened his own studio on Lambton Quay, Wellington with James Bennett Connolly trading as "Cazneau & Connolly" and they advertised that they had "spared no expense in importing the very newest instruments from London, and a large variety of the latest accessories and scenery from Paris and San Francisco" (Evening Post, 24 January 1883). P. Mott and James Connolly were acquainted as musicians. They played together in amateur and professional productions in Wellington, often at the Athenaeum Hall with Mott playing violin, cello and bass and Connolly playing violin or conducting.

GRAND SACRED CONCERT.
...
Mr Cazneau performed a violoncello solo, " Abend Gebet,'' composed for this concert by Mr G. Robertson, with great ability. The next item on the programme was omitted, it being explained that the young lady who was to have sung had been prevented leaving Wellington by a family bereavement, however, for this was substituted the solo "He wipes the tear from every eye," with violin obligato, and Miss Hounsell sang with good expression, and in capital voice. Mr J. M. Clark having given a recitation, which proved his ability as an elocutionist, Mr E. J. Hill sang the recitative and aria '' He counteth all His sorrows" (Lobgesang), and in the second part, he sang "The Priory Gate," in both acquitting himself well. An instrumental Trio, for violin, violoncello, and piano, by Messrs Isherwood, Robertson, and Cazneau, having been duly appreciated,... GRAND SACRED CONCERT. COLONIST, VOLUME XXVII, ISSUE 3891, 12 APRIL 1884

Later in 1883 Cazneau and Connolly advertised the employment of a first-class American photographer (Evening Post, 5 December 1883). This is probably the Mr. Besse mentioned in advertisements as manager of a branch facility that opened 4 February 1884 in Hastings St, Napier in premises previously occupied by photographer James Corbett. Briggs G. Besse was from Maine in the USA and had worked as a photographer in Bombala and Bega, New South Wales and Deloraine, Tasmania during the preceding couple of years. Interestingly this branch studio had a mammoth plate camera "which will produce negatives 24 inches long by 17 wide" (Hawkes Bay Herald, 12 March 1884).

Early 1885 the Wellington Studio was renovated with a "new collection of accessories" "just imported from Home" (Evening Post, 24 January 1885) but by the middle of the year the business partnership had ended with Connolly retaining the business name (Evening Post, 27 June 1885) and later taking former employee Richard Herrmann in as a new partner. Cazneau announced that he was opening his own studio on 1 August (Evening Post, 1 July 1885)This studio at 64 Cuba Street operated under his wife's name, probably to avoid conflict with his former partner, although Emily is known to have taken photographs during this time. 

Just over a year later that the studio folded and the equipment was auctioned by Francis Sidey & Co on 21 September including a George Hare camera, two Dallmeyer B lenses, contents of printing and finishing rooms and household furniture (Evening Post, 18 September 1886). 

By November they had returned to Australia, landing first at Melbourne then P M Cazneau worked as manager of the London Photographic Company at 419 George Street from 1887 to 1889 prior to going on to Adelaide in South Australia, where he worked  managing Townsend Duryea junior's studio in Rundle Street, then he moved on to Hammer & Co's studio at 6 Rundle Street.

PHOTOGRAPHERS. P. M. Cazneau well- known Photographic ARTIST from New Zealand open for ENGAGEMENT P.M.C Argus office. Advertising (1886, November 30). The Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957), p. 1. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article11581235 

Hammer studios described themselves as "art photographers" catering to the cream of society and specialising in fine platinotypes. William Henry Hammer had established his first studio in Adelaide in 1879 and at one point he had three city studios and one at Port Adelaide. By 1888 he had consolidated to just one studio. 


Photograph Pierce Mott Cazneaux, Photograph, PRG 737/27 - courtesy State Library of South Australia
Studio portrait of Pierce Mott Cazneaux, father of Harold Cazneaux.

After a couple of years working in Adelaide, Emma succumbed to tuberculosis in 1892: 

CAZNEAU.-On the 24th March, Emma Florence, the beloved wife of Pierce Mott Cazneau, aged 31 years. Wellington (N.Z.) papers please copy. Family Notices (1892, March 30). The Express and Telegraph (Adelaide, SA : 1867 - 1922), p. 4. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article208326375 

Three years later in 1895 he married Christina "Tean" Harley, born October 12th, 1867 who was working in the Hammer studios. Their union produced more children:

CAZNEAUX.—On the 17th of February, Christina Margaret Jane Cazneaux, relict of Pierce Mott Cazneaux, of 355 Esplanade, Henley Beach. loving mother of Jack, Pip, Dot and Carmen, and youngest daughter of the late Mr. and Mrs. J. Harley, of Hindmarsh: aged 70 years. Family Notices (1938, February 21). The Advertiser (Adelaide, SA : 1931 - 1954), p. 12. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article30846124 

THE FRIENDS of Mr. P. M. CAZNEAU are respectfully informed that the Remains of his late SON (Gerald) will be removed from his residence, Wellington-road, Payneham, TOMORROW (Thursday), at 11 a.m., for interment in the Payneham Cemetery. Family Notices (1901, October 16). The Advertiser (Adelaide, SA : 1889 - 1931), p. 2. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article4928198 

MARRIAGES.
MINEAR—CAZNEAUX.—On the 6th August, at St. James's Church, Torrensville, by the Rev. Whitfield, William Mansell, youngest son of Mr. J. Minear, of Clifford street, Torrensville, to Dorothy Harley, youngest daughter of Mr. and Mrs. P. M. Cazneaus, of Ebor avenue, Torrensville. Family Notices (1923, September 15). Saturday Journal (Adelaide, SA : 1923 - 1929), p. 30. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199233415 

In Adelaide Harold went to a local state school then started to work as a retoucher and colourist for Hammer & Co in 1896. He attended H. P. Gill's evening classes at the School of Design, Painting and Technical Arts. As a young man his passion for photography as an art was aroused by an exhibition of new 'pictorial movement' photographs from England. 

Writing to the Australian photographic historian and writer Jack Cato in 1952, Harold Cazneaux, recalled how the 1898 international exhibition of pictorialist photography forever changed him. ‘I stood spellbound and inspired,’ he told Cato, ‘here was a new beauty beyond anything I had dreamed of in terms of the camera.’

This wide eyed young man would later be described as ‘the father of modern Australian photography’. The commencement was not with anything too fancy, as ‘His first photographic work was by way of an old borrowed camera with a shutter which worked with a piece of elastic’ according to one South Australian newspaper article.

During 1904 Harold Cazneau joined Freeman Studios in Sydney where his parents had both previously worked. The studio was by that time being managed by Alfred Samuel George who had also been a former manager of the London Photographic Company and possibly a friend or at least acquaintance of P. Mott Cazneau. 


Cazneaux, Harold. (1904). Cazneaux at Freeman's Studios, Sydney, 1904 Courtesy National Library of Australia. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-136605202

It was in 1905 that one of his first photographs taken in Sydney won a Prize - enough,with his ongoing income from Freemans, to get married and put the deposit down on a small home at North Sydney - and easier access to this area. In what some may call serendipity, this was of fishermen at Waverly and called 'Fishing at Waverly' and also 'Breaking Wave' -  What is interesting about this article is the adding back of the original 'x' at the end of his name - something Harold found out had been removed by relatives and which he reinstated - proud of his Huguenot (French protestants) heritage. Winning this also allowed him to pay for a camera!:

"THE AUSTRALASIAN" FIFTEENTH PHOTOGRAPHIC COMPETITION.
PRIZE LIST.
CLASS I. FOR WORK BY WHOLE PLATES, ANY
SUBJECT, CONTACT PRINTS, ANY PAPER.
PRIZES, £3 AND £2.
First Prize.—Mr. James J. Hay, Pittstreet, Palmerston North, N.Z.—"Far From the Madding Crowd."
The second prize was not awarded, as there was no print considered meritorious enough.
Honourable Mention.—Mr. D. Mawson, Mr. T, Werrey, Mr. J. P. Campbell, Air. J. H. Bestman, and Mr. John Hanlon.
CLASS II. FOR WORK BY HALF PLATES, ANY
SUBJECT, CONTACT PRINTS, ANY PAPER. PRIZES, £2 AND £1.
First Prize.—Mr. Harold Cazneaux, 44 Good Hope street, Paddington, Sydney— "Fishing at Waverley."
Second Prize.—Mr. L. Perriman, 117 Rath-mines-road, Hawthorn—"River Yarra at Warburton."
Honourable Mention.—Mr. W. Laidlaw, Mr. A. Propsting, Mr. R. G. Massey, Mr. J. Williams, Mr. E. Antoine, Mr. G. H. Army-tage, Mr. J. P. Campbell, Mr. J. Williams, Miss F. Small, Mr. F. Cornell, and Mr. W C. Tonge.
CLASS III. FOR WORK BY QUARTER PLATES,
FIVE BY FOURS, OR UNDER, ANY PAPER, AMY SUBJECT. PRIZES £2 AND £1.
First Prize.—Mr. J. C. Morrison, 104 Victoria-road Auburn—"After Dinner," "We Two," and "Expectation."
Second Prize.—Mr. R. J. White, Sand-ringham—"A Burning Off, Getting Beyond
Control".
Honourable Mention.—Mr. J. F. Holland, Mr. Cecil de Lissa, Mr. A. Blanch, Mr. P. J. C. Wallace, Mr. R. J. White, Mrs. W. R. Clarke, Mr. J. G. Barlow. Mr. R.M. Everard, Mr. H. J. Gray, Mr. H. A. Car-ruthers, Mr. A. H. C. Campbell, Mr. A. Weigall, Mr. F. J. Rawlings, Mr. Harry Moflit, Mr. Everard Marshfield, and Mr. J.
R. Wall.
CLASS IV. ENLARGEMENTS, ANY SUBJECT,
ANY NEGATIVE. PRIZES, £2 AND £].
First Prize.—Mr. C. Davies, jun., Hobart —"With Wind and Tide."
Second Prize.—Mr. T. H. Stoward, Mile End, Adelaide—"A Country Road."
Honourable Mention.—Mr. J. R. Byfield, Hobart; and Mr. J. F. Holland, Ballarat.
"THE AUSTRALASIAN" (1905, July 15). The Australasian (Melbourne, Vic. : 1864 - 1946), p. 36. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article139809460


'Fishing at Waverly' and also 'Breaking Wave' and 'Fishing off Rocks' - 1904: Cazneaux, Harold. (1904). Fishing off rocks Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-140207732

Harold was joined in Sydney by Mabel Winifred Hodge in Sydney during 1905 who was another former employee of Hammer & Co and the pair married not long after. Cazneau's daughter Carmen married Albert Hammer, the son of his former employer in the same year and they too lived in Sydney. 

MARRIAGES
CAZNEAUX-HODGE.—On the 1st September; at Methodist Church, Boulevarde, Lewisham, Sydney. by the Rev. Dr. Sellars. Harrold, eldest son of Pierce M. Cazneaux, Malvern, to Winnifred, youngest daughter of late John Hodge,- Adelaide. Family Notices (1905, September 30). The Express and Telegraph (Adelaide, SA : 1867 - 1922), p. 1. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article208782847 


Portrait of Harold Cazneaux's wife, Winifred Hodge. Caption on the back reads 'Mother and Miss Adey? (Winifred Hodge 1905 - taken when leaving Hammer Studio, to go to Sydney to marry Harold Cazneaux on 1-9-05)'. image No.:  PRG-737-28 courtesy State Library of South Australia.

    Cazneaux, Harold. (1905). Winifred Cazneaux wearing a hat, North Sydney, ca. 1905, 2 Courtesy National Library of Australia.  Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-144120725

    HAMMER—CAZNEAUX.-On the 6th September, at St. Augustine's Church, Unley, by the Rev. Eugene Perrin, Ralph, third son of William H.. Hammer, Llandower, Payneham, to Carmen, eldest daughter of Pierce Mott Cazneaux, of Te Aro, Malvern. At home October 26, First avenue, East Adelaide. Family Notices (1905, October 17). The Register (Adelaide, SA : 1901 - 1929), p. 4. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article56857590


    Bert Hammer, Carmen Hammer nee Cazneau, King Cazneau, Harold and Winifred Cazneaux, Sydney, September/October 1905  Courtesy National Library of Australia.  Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-144119782 

    Harold bought a home at 10 Riley street, North Sydney in 1905 and it is here, and in the surrounds, where brother 'King' also lived, that some of the early family photos are taken, as it is with the one above. Some of these lend insights into North Sydney when there was still more bush and access to beach than buildings and the joy of children. Winifred and Harold had five daughters and one son:


    Cazneaux, Harold. (1905). King Cazneaux in bush at North Sydney, ca 1905, 3 Courtesy National Library of Australia.  Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-144129577


    Cazneaux, Harold. (1906). Winifred Cazneaux, Prescott Cazneaux and his son Fergus sitting in backyard, North Sydney, ca. 1906 Courtesy National Library of Australia.  Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-144121311


    Cazneaux, Harold. (1908). Winifred at the beach with Rainbow, Sydney, 1908, 1 Courtesy National Library of Australia.  Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-144130052 -  is this the Collaroy-Long Reef with Fishermen’s shacks in background?


    Cazneaux, Harold. (1909). Harold Cazneaux with Rainbow in the garden at Riley Street, North Sydney, 1909 Courtesy National Library of Australia.  Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-144130819 


    Narrabeen sand dunes c.1909 - courtesy National Gallery of Australia
    Signed on mountboard lower right in black pencil, 'H. Cazneaux [underlined]'. Signed on verso of mountboard in black pencil, 'H. Cazneaux'. 


    Cazneaux, Harold. (1911). Winifred Cazneaux at the beach with Jean and Rainbow, 1911 Courtesy National Library of Australia.  Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-144126786 


    Cazneaux, Harold. (1911). Winifred Cazneaux at the beach with Rainbow, Jean and baby Beryl, 1911 Courtesy National Library of Australia.  Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-144126882 - 


    Cazneaux, Harold. (1911). Harold Cazneaux with his daughters Jean and Rainbow, 1911 Courtesy National Library of Australia.  Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-144125787 


    Cazneaux, Harold. (1912). Jean and Rainbow Cazneaux at the beach, 1912 Courtesy National Library of Australia.  Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-144126676 

    In 1909 he held the first one-man exhibition in Australia: the critics praised the diversity of his work despite this preemptive conjecture:
     
    One-Man Show. 
    The Photographic Society of New South Wales announces a one-man show by Mr. Cazneaux for March 9. This well-known and artistic worker will exhibit between 60 and 70 prints, in the preparation of which he has been engaged for some months past. 

    Apropos of Mr. Cazneau's exhibition it is interesting to note that in a recent issue of a London paper the Rev. F.C. Lambert writes; — The idea of the one-man show as a supplementary feature of attraction at the suburban and provincial societies seems to be obtaining favor generally, so that one of the interesting questions of the hour is this; "What is the usual effect of a one-man exhibition upon the popular reputation of the man providing the show?" Broadly speaking, I fancy it tends to detract from rather than add anything to the popular opinion, but often this revised verdict gives us a truer stimation of the man. The reason is this. The popular opinion of many exhibiting photographers has necessarily been formed upon the two or three pictures which they send annually to the open exhibitions. These pictures usually have been through two sieves, first, that of his own selection and secondly, that of the selection committee. But when the time comes for him to provide a one-man show, he becomes his own electing and hanging committee and is apt to think that he must display a hundred or at least fifty examples. AMATEUR PHOTOGRAPHY. (1909, February 14). The Sunday Sun (Sydney, NSW : 1903 - 1910), p. 10. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article227020192

    He sent some of his pictures overseas and was recognised as a pioneer of the local pictorial movement. 

    PHOTOGRAPHIC SOCIETY
    At the usual fortnightly meeting of the Photographic Society of N.S.W., the display of pictures competing for, the council's prize proved attractive. The prints were numerous, varying in subject and treatment. Mr Harold Cazneaux, in addition to securing the council's prize, was adjudged to have taken second and third places with two fine portraits. Mr. J. H. King acted as judge, and congratulated the society upon the marked improvement in the character of the work submitted. An enjoyable lecture and demonstration on the gum bichromate process was delivered by Mr G.H. Adams. PHOTOGRAPHIC SOCIETY. (1908, February 28). Evening News (Sydney, NSW : 1869 - 1931), p. 3. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article114098460 

    MISCELLANEOUS WORKS.
    The "Australasian Photo. Review"' for August contains a series of excellent views of Sydney-"In and About the City with a Hand Camera," by Harold Cazneaux. Other pictures, good alike in design and execution, are "An Australian Aboriginal," "A Prentice Hand" (a lady ploughing), ".Tacky" (a laughing jackass), "The Happy Family" (a group of cats), "Reflections" (man smoking a pipe), "Over" (cat jumping over n stick), and "Australian Natives' (wallaby eating out of a child's hand). The "Review" is a journal for camera workers, and is edited by Mr. Walter Burke and published by the Australian Kodak Ltd. MISCELLANEOUS WORKS. (1910, September 10). The Australasian (Melbourne, Vic. : 1864 - 1946), p. 50. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article142931603 


    Cazneaux, Harold. (1910). The razzle dazzle Courtesy National Library of Australia. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-134377388 - at Bondi at the Pleasure Grounds.

    "THE QUEST."

    Photographic study by Harold Cazneaux. The artist has a high Australia reputation, and this photograph is a line sample of his skill. "THE QUEST." (1911, April 29). The Daily Telegraph (Sydney, NSW : 1883 - 1930), p. 15. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article239105003 
     
    PHOTOGRAPHY A NEW SOUTH WALES SUCCESS HIGH AVERAGE OF WORK LONDON, July 27
    It is announced that the Photographic Society of New South Wales has won the competition for amateur photographers. In making his award the adjudicator stated that the collective entry shows a great advance and reaches a notably high average. Following were the individual awards:- Silver plaques, N.C. Deck (NSW), Harold Casneaux (NSW), and Gerald E. Jones (N.Z.); bronze plaques, J. S. String (NSW), H. C. Dreyer (NSW), C.L. Newman (NSW), J.W. Hunter (NSW), and J. Williams (Melbourne). PHOTOGRAPHY (1913, July 28). The Daily News (Perth, WA : 1882 - 1950), p. 5 (THIRD EDITION). Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article79856667 


    The bent tree, Narrabeen, (1914) by Harold Cazneaux 

    The bromoil process is used in The bent tree, Narrabeen to enhance the moody and stormy atmosphere of the scene. A bromoil print is created through an intervention in the printing process when a gelatin silver photograph is bleached and fixed, then soaked in water. A greasy ink is then applied and gradually built up to the required density.

    In 1914 Cazneaux won Kodak's 'Happy Moments' contest and used the £100 prize as a deposit for a home in Roseville, 'Ambleside' at 24 Dudley Street. Despite a rising reputation, some did still not know much about him:


    "HAPPY MOMENTS." (1914, September 15). Barrier Miner (Broken Hill, NSW : 1888 - 1954), p. 4. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article45296720



    The Winning photo: 'Waiting for daddy to come home' (1914)

    The house had been named after a village in South Australia by its original owner, Gayfield Shaw. He was Cazneaux's friend, an artist-etcher who built Ambleside for himself in about 1912. Harold, his wife Winnie, and their daughters Rainbow, Jean, Beryl and Carmen, moved into their new home in May 1915. Two more children would be born at Ambleside – Joan in 1916, and Harold Ramsay in 1920. [1.]


    Cazneaux, Harold. (1915). Pierce Mott Cazneau shaking hands with his son, King, ca. 1915 Courtesy National Library of Australia.  Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-144141705 

    In 1916 with five friends, he founded the amateur Sydney Camera Circle. He argued for a break with the typical low-toned British print in favour of 'truly Australian sunshine effects'.

    The mechanised, standardised and frenetic pace of Freeman’s work increasingly took its toll on Cazneaux’s creativity and health, and he resigned in 1917. Bedridden for almost a year, a fellow-photographer, Cecil Bostock, who was away at war, lent Cazneaux the use of his studio in the city. With a little capital, his photographic equipment and support from his friends, Cazneaux opened his own business in the Little Studio.

    Cazneaux processed all his work in his own darkroom at Ambleside, originally in a bedroom, and when Bostock's studio was sold, lack of suitable and affordable city premises sent him back to Ambleside, where he built an adjoining studio. This was Cazneaux's workplace for the next 35 years.

    His love of the garden at Ambleside features in many family photographs. Apart from a profusion of flowers in a quite wild 'cottage garden' state, the family had fruit trees and chickens, with subsequent jams and chutneys and eggs. 

    Harold Cazneaux found solace in this garden. It proved to be a therapeutic escape from the depression which still visited him on rare occasions. He would become 'lost' in the garden during these low points, sitting under the shade of a tree, alone and still, working through a tangle of problems. Often it would be dusk before he would emerge from the garden and decide to catch up with the backlog of tasks, labouring well into the night, having summoned Rainbow to assist him. [2.]

    The passing of the seasons at Ambleside delighted Cazneaux. He wrote to Jack Cato, a photographer and confidant, in September 1952:

    'Every spring over the past few years comes the burst of glorious blossoms. The old garden takes care of itself now … Sitting here at work in my attic workroom I can see this great show from the window … it is certainly a good reward. There is the radio my boy made for me. Often, often, come my inspiring messages. The Bach Toccata and Fugues, the Overtures, 'The Hebrides' and 'Fingal's Cave' … Even a tired-out body and mind comes to life again.'


    Cazneaux, Harold. (1921). The Cazneaux sisters, Christine, Winifred and a woman with baby Harold on verandah at Ambleside, Roseville, New South Wales, 1921 Courtesy National Library of Australia.  Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-144140547 


    Cazneaux, Harold. (1924). The Cazneaux sisters inside a Buick car parked outside of Ambleside, Winifred and Harold beside car, Roseville, New South Wales, 1924 Courtesy National Library of Australia.  Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-144141475

    There are photos of the family dressing up at Christmas time held by the NLA may relate to this:

    A children's Christmas party will be held at the Chatswood Town Hall tomorrow, from 2 to 5 p.m., In aid of the Kuringai Community Service Hospital. The fancy dresses will be Judged by Miss Florence Rodway (Mrs. Moore) and Mr. Cazneaux. A Christmas tree will be among the attractions. FOR WOMEN Social Events of Importance (1925, December 14). Evening News (Sydney, NSW : 1869 - 1931), p. 13. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article126130988 

    Despite being unable to serve in WWI alike his brother, Harold contributed what he could:

    PHOTOGRAPHIC SOCIETY
    A WAR CHEST EFFORT.
    This afternoon the Minister for Public Instruction (Mr Augustus F.G. James M.L.A.) will open an exhibition of pictorial photography at the Education Department's Art Galleries, organised by the Photographic Society of New South Wales. In addition to the interest attaching to a representative show, comprising 200 examples of the art visitors will assist a patriotic movement, inasmuch as the net proceeds during the season ending November 26 will be devoted to the funds of the War Chest.

    Although the present show is not as important as the Tenth International Exhibition of six years ago, it will hold its place amongst other Australian collections, except that the Interstate contributions from Melbourne and Adelaide are neither as strong nor as numerous as could be wished. A great deal of work in which the pictorial aim has been adequately kept in view repays inspection and all who take a practical interest in photography will doubtless make a discriminative examination of the various pictures catalogued.

    These are arranged in groups, of which one or two examples only can be mentioned on the present occasion. J. Temple Stephens (Melbourne) excels in the execution of bromoils, as best illustrated in the soft, misty effect of "The Dredger, River Arno, Florence," and "The Woodman's Cottage"though in the latter the shadow on the grass has been inked-up a little too heavily. Four strong and highly finished portraits represent the professional work of L.W. Appleby. Here the buoyancy and grace suggested in the re-production of Signor Dattilo-Rubbo will be especially admired. The principal amateur work in this section is "Wistful," by W. Apps, which is finely expressive, and "Ken," a portrait by M. Mackinnon, of unaffected charm. Amongst the fifteen exhibits signed by W.S. White, "Melody of Morn" will be especially noted - a picture shown at the London Salon last year. Harold Cazneaux sends in twenty-seven, embracing landscape, figures and architecture, one-third of which were placed in London as above. The Challis House facade in light and shadow, "The Razzle-Dazzle", a happy "composition" with a clever suggestion of buoyancy and the holiday spirit and the startling luminosity of "The Japanese Blind," will especially attract attention. James E. Paton contributes a score of studies, notably "An Australian Homestead" marked by a clear suffusion of light expressed in pearly tones. "Parra-matta Park" with its clever tone-rendering may be singled out amongst C. E. Wakeford's fifteen. M. Mackinnon's twenty include "The Lakeside," evidently aiming at a Corot sug-gestion and a delicate study in light and shade on the sands at Dee Why. Arthur Smith's beautiful bromoils include "Carnarvon Castle," softly shown through the vaporous Welsh atmosphere, one of its towers kindly touched by a passing sunbeam. J. Kauffmann's fifteen exhibits are distinguished by the tender rendering of "The Grey Veil". E.N. Poole's "Loquots" is a sound piece of work. Norman C. Deck's "On the Quivive" (London Salon) unmistakably tells its own story. J.B. Elliot's "The Sentinel", a nocturne in which the lofty wheel of a wind-mill stands out above the countryside, is equally pictorial. Arthur Ford's bits of old Sydney, and his felicitous introduction of an aeroplane "On Guard" above a man-o'-war, will be admired. J. E. Stening's pastoral subjects both vary and strengthen the col-lection; and C.W. Bostock shows versatility and imagination, his "Sphinx" is so ingeniously original as to provoke a smile. PHOTOGRAPHIC SOCIETY. (1917, November 14). The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954), p. 13. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article15757774 

    PICTORIAL PHOTOGRAPHY 
    LOAN EXHIBITION FROM SYDNEY. 
    A collection of 80 pictures illustrative of pictorial photography, sent on loan to the W.A. Camera Club by the Photo-graphic Society of New South Wales is now on view at the Public Art Gallery, by permission of the trustees. The suggestion to have an interchange of photo-graphic work came several months ago from Mr James E. Paton, secretary of the Sydney Camera Circle, which is a club of pictorial workers drawn principally from the advanced workers of the Photographic Society of New South Wales. At the invitation of this society the W.A. Camera Club recently sent a collection of 24 pictures to Sydney. They were favourably received, and in return the local society has now the opportunity of viewing some of the best work of New South Wales amateurs. Out of the 80 pictures, at least half stand out as being work of conspicuous merit, and in some. instances the whole five or six pictures of individual exhibitors can be classed as worthy of being shown in any exhibition of photographic work. This can well be said of the work of Messrs. H. Irons, C. E. Wakeford, R. Davies, W. Barrett, Harold Cazneaux, H. Mallard, J. E. Paton, E. N. Poole, W. S. White, M. Mackinnon, and E. Lascron. Mr. Herbert iron's picture "The Stall in the Alley" is a conspicuously good piece of composition. It is a picture that tells a story at once. His portrait studies are probably the best in the exhibition, save only the portrait of a laughing girl by Mr Harold Cazneaux. Several pictures by Mr Wakeford have caught Australian bush and lighting most realistically. "The Selector's Home" being a very fine example of high-key photography in bright sunlight not overpowered, by heavy harsh shadows, which Australian lighting conditions too frequently produce with the camera, "A June Morning" is a clever bit of control work in printing, and "The Harvester" is a very pleasing bit of composition. To camera workers who experience difficulty in taking pictures with the light coming towards the lens, Mr Ralph Davies's picture, "Fog's Mantle," is a revelation of what the camera can be made to do in practised hands. A delicate bit of photography in a high key is Mr R.G. Allman's "The White Yacht" and an impression of Pitt-street is also very pleasingly rendered. Mr Barrett's picture "In Old Vannes," is rich in tones and shows a fine sense of action. Mr Harold Cazneaux's work is probably better known than that of any other amateur photographer in Australia, and deservedly so, because it shows strength of purpose and boldness of design. All the pictures by this worker are worthy of the closest study. His "Child Portrait" and "The Japanese Blind" are two pictures that compel attention. Mr Adam Grant's "The Witches Wood" and "St. Osyth" are two illustrations of good impressionism with a camera, a class of work, however which does not appeal to everyone. Mr Henri Mallard's pictures en-titled "Destruction", "The Open Gate", and "Wimbourne" almost convince one that the brush or the pencil is no longer necessary to produce a work of art. They are three beautiful pictures, admirably conceived, and most artistically express-ed. Mr James E. Paton's "Memoriam" was one of the accepted pictures for the London Salon in 1918, where it attracted considerable attention, and was spoken of as one of the best in the Australian group. Mr Paton's work certainly shows perfect technique, and whether it finds expression in deep sombre tones, as in "Memoriam" or in the light, airy, high key in "Morning off Kirribilli Point" and "An Australian Homestead," the effect is good and the result convincing. Probably as a piece of composition "Symphony" is the best of Mr Paton's efforts. Mr Poole's work shows how charming results can be obtained from the control of tones, and with one exception where the repetition of two figures is somewhat irritating, his work satisfies. His picture "The Castle", a group of children on the beach, is a well finished piece of photography in which composition, technique and tone all combine to give a well-nigh perfect result. Mr White plays tricks with light and shade, and all his pictures show evidence of this. Strong lighting on two tree trunks in his "Spectres" is weird. The brilliant effect secured in "The Barred Light" makes every photographer wonder how it was obtained. "A Mountain Saw Mill" could be placed among the best half-dozen pictures of the whole collection and his "Shadow Curtain" is a very happy conception in the treatment of light and shade. Mr Mackinnon's "Summer Clouds" gives a more realistic rendering of cloud effect than any other picture in the show, and convinces one that straight photography when handled by a consummate artist can be made quite convincing as well as pleasing in the highest degree. The pictures shown by Mr Lascron all deal with strong lighting effects contrasted with deep shadows. Pictorially "Camp Fires" is among the best of his pictures, and "The Monarch" is of particular interest to West-ern Australians as it deals with a theme which Mr Van Raalte has cleverly handled in one of his best known etchings bearing the same title. The exhibition, which is well worth a visit will be open to the public on the usual days until December 31, and during the usual hours, viz: 10 a.m. to 5.30 p.m. except on Sundays. when the hours are from 2.30 to 5 p.m. PICTORIAL PHOTOGRAPHY. (1919, December 23). The West Australian (Perth, WA : 1879 - 1954), p. 5. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article27671344 

    HOLIDAY SNAPSHOTS : HAPPY DAYS OF CHILDHOOD.


    Photos: H. Cazneaux. AT THE MAGIC POOL.

    How the youngsters love the seaside in summer-time ! There is so much for them to do that not for a moment does time hang heavily on their hands. 7 hey can peddle and swim and surf , make all sorts of wonderful things in the sand, and scamper to their hearts' content along the golden beach. And then the fun they get out of fishing and rowing and sailing — for nowhere are there to be found children capable of managing a boat in better style than the boys who have been reared along the shores of Sydney Harbour ! The mountain air may be more beneficial as a change than that of the seaside, but the fact remains that most kiddies get the maximum of pleasure out of a holiday by the sea.


    STARTING OFF ON THE VOYAGE TO FAIRYLAND.
    HOLIDAY SNAPSHOTS: HAPPY DAYS OF CHILDHOOD. (1919, December 31). Sydney Mail (NSW : 1912 - 1938), p. 17. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article159654630  - This is Jean and Rainbow, Harold's daughters.

    By 1920 he had his own photographic business. He was employed by Sydney Ure Smith, who gave him regular work for his new publications the Home and Art in Australia. 

    His frontispiece photograph for the first issue of the Home in 1920 used sunshine effects so successfully that it sparked a new trend in local photography. 


    Clearing showers, Narrabeen, New South Wales by Harold Cazneaux(Harold, 1878-1953) circa. 1920. Image No.: 1987425, courtesy National Library of Australia



    George Lambert and Arthur Murch at work on the sculpture "Recumbent warrior" - photo by Harold Cazneaux, 1920, courtesy National Library of Australia http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-140194071

    By 1920, Cazneaux had his own studio at his home at Roseville, and was engaged by publisher and artist Sydney Ure Smith as the photographer his magazines from then - as well as other commissions. 


    Harold Cazneaux, Sydney Camera Circle, 1924. First Australian Salon of Photography meeting in Sydney, 1924. 
    From left to right: W. White holding print, Monte Luke at easel, J. Paton, H. Cazneaux, S. Eutrope, C. Wakeford, Webster with pipe, A. Smith in front: J. McColl, C. Bostock Image No.: .a4260030r, courtesy State Library of NSW.

    THE ART OF THE CAMERA.
    We have received from Harringtons Limited, 'Cameragraphs of the Year, 1924,' a souvenir of the first exhibition of the Australian Salon of Photography. The publication is edited by Mr. Cecil W. Bostock, and one can well believe the editorial declaration that no pains have been spared in making the production, the first of its kind in Australia, "a work of art, and something to be treasured by all book lovers, whether they be photographers or not". "Cameragraphs" is indeed a revelation in the technical excellence and artistic beauty of pictorial photography. There are examples of the work of the world's leading pictorialists, as shown at the re-cent international exhibition in Australia, and beside them are placed pictures by Australian camera workers, some of which indicate a tendency noted by Mr. Bostock — to forego imitation of the low-tone work of old world photographers in an endeavour to depict the sunlight effects in which Australia abounds. Fifty-two camera artists are represented in this memorable collection, including Mr A. Wilkinson, of Adelaide; who contributes notes on photography in this State, and a fine example of scenic camera work, ''Overlooking the Plains of Adelaide". A remarkable camera portrait of Norman Lindsay, by Mr. H. Cazneaux, of Sydney, is of special interest just now. Mr. Cazneaux also, provides a highly interesting review of the pictures, each of which is a thing of beauty in its own class. Messrs. Harringtons may be congratulated on a souvenir which will be treasured by photographic pictorialists and art lovers generally. THE ART OF THE CAMERA. (1924, August 25). The Register (Adelaide, SA : 1901 - 1929), p. 9. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article59023928 

    Friend Monte Luke was another frequent visitor to this area and ancestor of Roland Luke:


    James Paton, Harold Cazneaux and Monte Luke beside a car, New South Wales, 1926. From PIC Album 950 #P1067/1-353-Cazneaux family photograph collection [picture] Image No.: nla.obj-144144277-1, courtesy National Library of Australia.


    Monte Luke, le célèbre artiste photographe de Sydney, Madame Monte Luke et leur famille à Avalon Beach, près Sydney. LE "MOTOR CAMPING OUT." (1928, October 26). Le Courrier Australien (Sydney, NSW : 1892 - 2011), , p. 3. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article161724364 



    Portrait of Harold Cazneaux [picture] / Monte Luke Call Number nla.obj-136260606-1 - Created/Published [193-?], courtesy National Library of Australia

    Many of Cazneaux’s photographs of Sydney, produced over a number of decades, have become key images of aspects of Australian history. They not only show us people that have become legendary but all the links between every kind of Artist during this period:


    "AUSTRALIA BEAUTIFUL" 
    Artistic Periodical "Australia Beautiful" is the title 'of "The Home" Easter pictorial, published by Art in Australia Limited, Sydney. It is designated "Sydney -Number," which leads one to anticipate further numbers dealing with the other capital cities of; the Commonwealth. The magazine is profusely illustrated in color and black and white, reproductions of paintings by such notable Australian artists as Arthur Streeton, John D. Moore, Julian Ashton, Fred Leist, Elioth Gruner, Norman Lloyd, Howard Ashton, and the late J. J. Hilder being included. 
    In black and white the majority of the photographs comprises the work of H. Cazneaux, all beautiful examples of the art of the camera. A word must be said regarding the advertisements in color, which are exceptionally meritorious, and the cover design --a view of Sydney Harbor-is a woodcut by Margaret Preston, formerly of South Australia. Jean Curlewis is responsible for an enlightening article on Sydney, wherein she traces the history of the city from its earliest days. The magazine is a valuable adjunct to the library of the artistic patriotic Australian. Our copy is from F. W. Preece and Sons, King William street, Adelaide. "AUSTRALIA BEAUTIFUL" (1928, April 23). News (Adelaide, SA : 1923 - 1954), p. 10 (HOME EDITION). Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article129143920 


    Gift Books.
    THE publishing house of Art in Australia, in Sydney, which produces "Art in Australia," one of the finest art magazines in the world, and "Home," an illustrated monthly magazine, has produced five very attractive small gift books which will be useful as Christmas presents for friends across the world, being both cheap and artistic. These include "Australian Etchings" (reproductions by Lionel Lindsay, Sydney Ure Smith, Van Raalte, and other artists), "Glimpses of Old Sydney" (reproductions by Sydney Ure Smith, Lionel Lindsay, and Hardy Wilson), "Canberra" (photographic views by H. Cazneau), and selections of the poetry of Leon Gellert called "Desperate Measures," and of "Kodak"- the late Ernest O'Ferrall - called "Odd Jobs." The re-productions have been admirably printed, many of them having been produced at different times in special numbers of "Art in Australia." Gift Books. (1928, September 29). The Brisbane Courier (Qld. : 1864 - 1933), p. 22. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article21342765 

    His portrait of Ethel Turner shows her in the window of her study at Avenel and was featured in an article published in Australian Home Beautiful in 1928 and in the Sydney Mail in 1930. Ethel Turner, a Mosman resident and lady who frequently travelled to Palm Beach and whose son, Adrian Curlewis, was one of the founding members of the Palm Beach SLSC and later called my many 'The Father of Surf Life Saving' was most well known for her book Seven Little Australians, which she finished when just 24 years of age.



    Cazneaux’s portrait of Ethel Turner posing in the window of her study at her Mosman home, ‘Avenel’, 1928. Courtesy the Collection of the National Portrait Gallery, Canberra. Gift of Richard King 2008

    It is also Mr. Cazneaux who gives us this portrait of Annie Wyatt, a north shore neighbour but also one to whom Pittwater owes a great deal - Visit: Annie Wyatt Reserve: Palm Beach - Pittwater Fields of Dreams II


    Annie Forsyth Wyatt - Photographic portrait by Harold Cazneaux 1930

    Harold Cazneaux was able to turn his hand to capturing anything - landscapes, people, gardens, scenes that evoke mood, season and 

    ART IN AUSTRALIA. We have received from "Art in Australia, Ltd.," Sydney, two brochures, the one containing a series of photographs by Mr. Harold Cazneaux of Australian scenery, and the other Victorian views, by the Victorian Government Tourist Bureau. The photographs by Mr. Cazneaux are not only fine specimens of the art, but the subjects are selected with an artistic eye. The road to Wombeyan Caves circling a hill, with a valley at its foot, and other hills rising opposite and ahead of it, makes a fine picture. Another one, depicting an Australian valley, is equally artistic. The Victorian views afford a glimpse into some of the beauty spots at Mallacoota Inlet, the Mitta Mitta River at Tallangatta, flowing through fine agricultural land, and with a mountain range in the vicinity, also a glimpse of the Jamieson Valley and River. They will be valued by all who appreciate the beauties of nature. ART IN AUSTRALIA. (1928, November 20). Newcastle Morning Herald and Miners' Advocate (NSW : 1876 - 1954), p. 7. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article135400842 


    'MORNING LIGHT.' -Photograph by H. Cazneaux.
    Reproduced by courtesy of Art in Australia Ltd.
    The Time Draws Near the Birth of Christ (1928, December 15). The Methodist (Sydney, NSW : 1892 - 1954), p. 1. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article155300710

    The above image is dated as being created in 1907 by family members for NLA records. This illustrates that something wonderful becomes timeless and can be republished over and over:


    Cazneaux, Harold. (1907). Winter sunlight. Courtesy National Library of Australia. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-140202486

    His daughters worked beside him at 'The Studio' at Roseville and clearly had the family talent for artistic endeavours - their drawings appear regularly in all local Sydney newspapers. They, alike him, loved little children as well:

    Art Trades Drawing Courses.-Stage I. (freehand, object, and lettering). Grade A: Stephen Hales, James Hlgham, Eric Blundell, Winnie Phillips, Ilnyilce Soldon, Olga Sharp, Arthur Rutter, Konnolli Risby, Olive Bankin. Grado B: Priscilla Wheatley, Joan Carneaux, Nancy Guest, Elsie Outer, Geraldine Souper, Sylvia Violet, Carl 0. Plate, Iris Huxley, Henry J. Jones, Clive Thompson, Nellie Pavlour. Orado C: ... Beryl S. Cazneaux, Rainbow Cazneaux, … EXAMINATIONS. (1928, February 2). The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954), p. 8. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16438616 

    EXAMINATIONS.
    Technical Education.
    RESULTS FOR 1929.
    A further Instalment of results of the 1929 Final Examinations of the Technical Education Department is published hereunder.
    …
    Figure Drawing, intermediate II-Grade A; Roderick H Lofts Wm H insen Margaret Lee Daphne Drummond Grade B Kenneth Grant Thomas H Rayner L Vahrcnkamp John Easton Audrey Moseley rrancls Sutton Wm Cohen, Grndc C Byron Elmer Beryl Cazneaux Rainbow Cazneaux, Jean Cazneaux… EXAMINATIONS. (1930, January 24). The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954), p. 7. from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16620371 

    Since it was formed recently, the Roseville younger set for Renwick, the Infants' Hospital at Summer Hill, has planned many activities, and is rapidly growing into quite a large organisation. Having arranged a successful flag bridge party and an all-day walk through the bush-land surrounding the upper reaches of Middle Harbour, the members are now busy with plans for a dance to be held in the Scout Hall at Roseville on October 12. Members of the younger set are: Mr. John Osborne, president; Miss Betty Pie, vice-president; Miss Sybil Palmer, hon. secretary; Miss Barbara Palmer, hon. treasurer; Misses Beryl Cazneaux, Carmen Cazneaux, Joan Cazneaux. J. Burton, Hilary Morrison, Maureen Gartrell, Enid Garrett, E. Bates, Joan Cleland, Margaret Cleland, Margaret Glenister, B. Colvin, N. Colvin, V. Denshire, B. Anderson, J. Milligan, Mildred Bell, Messrs. J. McNally, H. Bethell, G. Palmer, D. Small, G. Earlam, A. Nix, and J. Molloy. - Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954), Thursday 26 September 1935, page 4

    Harold's father passed away in 1928:

    CAZNEAUX.—On the 20th April, at his residence, Ebor avenue, Torrensville, Pierce Mort, dearly beloved husband of Christina Cazneaux, aged 78 years. At rest. Family Notices (1928, April 28). Observer (Adelaide, SA : 1905 - 1931), p. 43. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article165638927 

    TAKING PORTRAITS —THE MODERN WAY
    Unorthodox Studies
    AUSTRALIANS REPRESENTED AT LONDON SALON
    (By Noll Murray)
    LONDON, September 12.
    Should you go to one of London's ultra-fashionable photographers for a sitting, you will find, nowadays, that all the preconceived ideas of having your photograph taken are out of date. Instead or being: asked to sit still and "look-pleasant-please," you are likely to be told to walk negligently across the room, when you will be snapped "walking Into the picture"; pose ...
    INTERNATIONAL SHOW 
    Examples of this new photography are on view this week at the international exhibition of the London Salon of Photography — at which, incidentally, several Australians, both professional and amateur, are represented. Mr E. G. Adamson, Mr H. Cazneaux, Mr J. B. Eaton, Mr Arthur Ford, Mr F. Lewis, Mr Monte Luke, Dr. Julian Smith and Mr H. A. Snape have all had photographs accepted for this year's Salon. Mr Cazneaux, of Sydney, is the only Australian who is a member of the Salon — the Aim of which is to exhibit only that class of work in pictorial photography in which there is distinct evidence of personal artistic feeling and execution. Photographs are shown, this year, from such far away places as Madrid, Stookholm, all parts of U.S.A., Canada and Australia, India, Poland, Hungary, Japan, Kenya, Egypt and Montevideo. Mr Cazneaux shows a typical Australian beach scene, called "Sand Minstrels," in which the warm bronze tints of the bathers show up in vivid relief. Also a portrait of Miss Dora Zinkeisen, of Sydney. … TAKING PORTRAITS --THE MODERN WAY (1929, November 12). The Herald (Melbourne, Vic. : 1861 - 1954), p. 25. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article244203703 

    Harold maintained his connections to and love of South Australia. One of his most famous images, and a favourite of many, 'Spirit of endurance' (1937) also known as Cazneaux's Tree, is a Eucalyptus camaldulensis or river red gum. Mr. Cazneaux called it his 'most Australian picture'.

    The tree has subsequently become famous, was listed with the National Trust because of its outstanding aesthetic beauty as significant tree #239 on the Trust's Register of Significant Trees in 2013. It is located near Wilpena Pound in the Flinders Ranges of South Australia. In 1991 a plaque funded by Cazneaux's grandson, Dick Smith, was placed at the site. 


    Interpretive sign for the Cazneaux Tree, in the Ikara-Flinders Ranges National Park. Photo by and courtesy Bahudhara.

    In Adelaide news of Harold was always shared:

    SYDNEY TURNS DOWN THE SIX EIGHT
    Faithful To Fox Trot And The Blues
    The Misses Alfa and Ruth Robinson have returned from a month's stay in Sydney, and among other interesting incidents studied the latest in ballroom dancing, with Peggy Dawes, of the Bendrodt School of Dancing.
    "A slow fox trot with new steps, and the Blues will be the popular dances this year," predicts Miss Alfa. "A new version of the Tango, too, will be done.* A Tango that has lost all its original exaggeration, much simpler, and more suitable to the ballroom.
    The Six Eight has been launched this season, but, so far Sydney has not taken to it. There is not enough in it to fascinate a lover of dancing."
    Posing for Cazneaux was another thrill. "He took our portraits in his garden at Roseville. A beautiful spot, not large, but quaint, he has left it in its wild natural state with great trees and bushes," said bliss Ruth.
    Sydney shops came under discussion. "We did not like them half so. much as our Adelaide shops," they chorused, "we get better value here. Sydney has endless small shops, and one arcade is filled with hat shops
    alone."
    The wonder of the Sydney Harbour bridge fascinated them, enormously. "We have seen it every year now for five years, and watched it. grow. It is looking marvellous," said our returned travellers. SYDNEY TURNS DOWN THE SIX EIGHT (1930, March 8). Observer (Adelaide, SA : 1905 - 1931), p. 50. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article168923876 

    Artistic Photography By H. Cazneaux
    By H. E. FULLER
    The collection of camera studies by Mr. H. Cazneaux now on view at the Kodak Studio, will prove an inspiration not only to innumerable amateurs, but even to experienced photographers. It is doubtful if such an exhibition of truly artistic and finished work has previously been shown in this city. Cazneaux spent his boyhood in Adelaide, living in the hills. He studied at the School of Design under the late H. P. Gill and A. Collins. His first photographic work was by way of an old borrowed camera with a shutter which worked with a piece of elastic. Since those days, however, he has progressed so rapidly and surely that for the past 25 years he has exhibited at salons overseas and the London Salon of Photography, of which he is the only representative Australian member. Cazneaux's work gives one the feeling of deliberation and thought in the choice of a subject and infinite patience in waiting to obtain just the proper effect of light, shadows and the cloud. In his hands the Adelaide hills—which, by the way, he considers one of the most beautiful places in Australia-take on new beauties. 

    "Passing Showers" is a most artistic combination of foliage, shadows, and cloud effects, in which the light gives a delightful airiness. "Sun and Shadow" and “The Folded Hills" show the hills in all their magnificent beauty. In "Springtime, Sassafras," the contrast between foreground and distance Is wonderfully portrayed. The artist; considers the Flinders Range the most unusual and striking scenery in Australia, and "Ramparts of the Flinders" is among the best of many of this local city. Simple scenes, in Cazneaux's hands, become artistic pictures, and the "Deserted Cottage" and "A Settler's Home" are ordinary scenes developed by a master hand. "Iron Knob" gives a picture of shadows, clouds and high fights, cleverly handled, and "The Slag Dump, Newcastle." is another masterly study. In "South Coast, N.S.W.." there Is a fine effect of rock, restless sea and gradually diminishing distance, and in "Valley of the Cotter." shade and light are delightfully manipulated. "Fair Hills of Renown" and "Autumn" may well? be classed among the best of a good lot. The figure subjects are few. "Angela”- is a particularly dainty study of a child. "The Ploughman" is strong and a capital study in contrasts. Everyone with an appreciation of artistic work will find pleasure in viewing this collection. 
    Artistic Photography By H. Cazneaux (1935, October 14). The Advertiser (Adelaide, SA : 1931 - 1954), p. 5. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article36188313 

    Mr. Cazneaux's  photographs continued to win acclaim, here and overseas:

    Mr. Dann, who submitted prints last year to the London Salon, and has just received word that one of the prints was not only accepted and hung, but has received the greatest distinction of all, in being one of about 80 pictorial photographs selected for reproduction in "Photograms of the Year 1930". This publication has been the world's principal record of photographic work for 36 years, and provides the greatest criterion of excellence for all countries. Some thousands of prints are submitted every year for consideration by the juries of distinguished men who select the pictures accepted for hanging at the London Salon (perpahs 200 to 300), and the Royal Photographic Society's annual exhibition (about 150 in the pictorial section). These prints are from all over the world and from the successful ones only about 80 are selected for reproduction in "Photograms". The selection is made to typify the best work in the various sections of pictorial photography, and includes nude studies, portraiture, landscape and sea studies, design and certain kinds of "stunt" photography.
    The work included in "Photograms" this year was criticised by Mr. C.J. Symes, one of Britain's foremost pictorialists. In referring to Mr. Dann's picture he groups it with several other marine subjects and makes the following comment - "Drying Sails" (LV.), by E.J. Dann, has points of resemblance, but its chief interest lies in the effect of light on the hull and sails rather than in the grouping of the figures. There is something very intriguing about it".

    Only two prints from New South Wales achieved the distinction of publication in "Photograms" this year. The other one was a fine study, "The Wheel of Youth", by Harold Cazneaux, which is neither more nor less than an artistic conception of a familiar razzle-dazzle in motion, and is full of life.  MR. E. J. DANN'S SUCCESS (1931, January 16). Newcastle Morning Herald and Miners' Advocate (NSW : 1876 - 1954), p. 8. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article137685784 



    Cazneaux, Harold. (1929). The wheel of youth Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-140182526 - that is Long Reef in the background. This image has is similar to the one called 'The Razzle Dazzle' (1910) and featured in a 1991 Australian stamp:
     



    ARCHERY RETURNS TO FAVOUR.

    The girls of Wenona, North Sydney, demonstrate the use of the bow and arrow in the archery event at a recent sports meeting. Many private schools now include archery in their physical culture programmes, as the sport goes far towards developing a graceful carriage. (Photo: Cazneaux.) Society of Arts and Crafts (1931, August 26). Sydney Mail (NSW : 1912 - 1938), p. 21. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article159792101

     Above: Photo from South end of Palmy (circa 1925-30) courtesy Clare West - wife of Canon West (C of E) and John Cowper 

    PALM BEACH, NEW SOUTH WALES. - - Among the most beautiful bathing beaches in Australia, Palm Beachis situated on a peninsula fifteen to twenty miles north of Sydney. Close by, the waters of the beautiful Hawkesbury River flow into Broken Bay. On one side of the peninsula, which is but a few hundred yards across, is the surf of the Pacific Ocean, and on the other are the calm waters of the historic Pittwater, the scene of many aquatic carnivals. At one time there were many palms in the locality, but few remain, and these are jealously preserved. photo by H. CAZNEAUX PALM BEACH, NEW SOUTH WALES. (1934, October 1). The Australasian(Melbourne, Vic. : 1864 - 1946), p. 19. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article145241972 


    Cazneaux, Harold. (1934). Harold with his two dogs at Avalon Beach, New South Wales, circa 1934 Courtesy National Library of Australia.  Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-144145851 - this 'Harold' is actually Mr. Cazneau's son Harold.


    The advent of spring is heralded by the sunshine glinting on the breakers and sands at Avalon Beach. Soon the water will be warm enough for surfing, and the places of this small boy and his dusky pets will be taken by a joyous multitude. ' It wont be long now ' sums up the thoughts of this party of investigators.  Spring Peeps Over the Horizon (1938, August 31). Sydney Mail (NSW : 1912 - 1938), , p. 5. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article166525531 


    Passing showers, Mona Vale by Harold Cazneaux, circa 1935. Picture No.: nla.pic-an2384473, courtesy National Library of Australia




    Ailsa's Craig's house at Palm Beach, New South Wales, approximately 1935 photos by Harold Cazneaux- courtesy National Library of Australia  Image No.:http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-140228205 and Image No.: a2058051h, courtesy State Library of NSW, The Mitchell Library - Visit: Pittwater Summer Houses: The Cabin, Palm Beach - The Pink House Of The Craig Family


    Mr. Cazneaux's stature is based on the extraordinary diversity of his work—landscapes and portraits. He produced a series of portraits of well-known artists, musicians, and actors and many books including Canberra, Australia's Federal Capital (1928), Sydney Surfing(1929), The Bridge Book (1930), The Sydney Book (1931), Frensham Book (1934), and the jubilee number of the B.H.P. Review (1935). 

    As a critic he wrote for the Australasian Photographic Review and the Gallery Gazette, London, and columns for the Lone Hand and Sydney Mail. Sometime president of the Photographic Society of New South Wales, he was elected an honorary fellow of the Royal Photographic Society of Great Britain in 1937. [2.]

    A few notes on some of these works:

    ART.
    By HAROLD HERBERT.
    The Bridge.
    Since the demolition of old Milson's Point Wharf to make room for workshops, every stage of the Harbour Bridge has been carefully watched and recorded by painters, etchers, and photographers. A fine pictorial record exists, and many examples by Australia's best artists will lie shown at various exhibitions during the bridge celebrations this month.

    From the beginning it was extremely impressive, the massive pylons giving promise of the colossal mass of arched steelwork to follow. Throughout the years of its building it has never failed to arouse the greatest interest. To Sydney dwellers it has been an object of intense fascination, and they have every reason to be proud of it. In all probability it will intensify the feeling of pride they have in the harbour itself! Some are inclined to think that the bridge may dwarf Sydney, but this is not so. Seen from the many vantage points each side of the harbour towards the Heads, it is a pale, grey, "cobwebby" silhouette flanked by the solidity of Sydney's highest buildings.
    This creation of steel and stone has inspired many artists, and among those who have produced fine etchings and drawings the name of Mr. Sydney Ure Smith is foremost. A pencil and water-colour drawing, one of his best, was recently acquired by the Felton Trustees for the National Gallery, Melbourne. Mr. Percy Lindsay, Mr. John D. Moore, and Mr. Will Ashton are outstanding among those who have painted the bridge In oils, and Miss J. C. A. Traill, who invariably treats such subjects well, has made many line and water-colour drawings of it.
    Then there are dozens of painters who have included it in panoramic views from Cremorne and Taronga Park on one side, and from Vaucluse on the other.

    During its earlier stages some amusement was caused by a cartoon in the Sydney press depicting the bridge with an enormous notice attached to its girders, "Etching rights reserved by Sydney Ure Smith."

    Mention of the pictorial history of the bridge would be incomplete without reference to the magnificent photographic studies that have been made by Mr. H. Cazneaux, and also by Mr. E. O. Hoppe, the world-famed photographer, who visited Australia recently. In itself the bridge is not an object of outstanding beauty—except in the eyes of its engineers—but the surroundings in this case make the structure something of artistic interest. The bridge has changed the aspect of Sydney, and the impression of a great city is definitely strengthened. 

    The Pageant.
    The official opening should be a spectacular ceremony. Diagrams of the original scheme for the historical pageant were recently published in Sydney. Such well-known names as those of Messrs. Ure Smith, Fred Leist, Raynor Hoff, D. H. Souter, and Walter Jardine, assisted by the Technical College and the Sydney Art School, were connected with these designs. The ideas conveyed by the diagrams are the finest that have ever been sub-mitted for an Australian pageant. "Floats" allowing "tableaux vivants of great events in Australia's history are beautifully arranged. In its original state the pageant will not be witnessed. Other "experts" have decreed differently. In the end it will probably smack of the usually dull Eight Hours Day procession. What a pity!

    Souvenirs.
    Already a number of souvenirs in connection with the opening of the bridge have been in circulation — matchbox-holders, ash trays, and wallets. All of them are very commonplace and decidedly inartistic. Doubtless there will be dozens of articles of this nature to be purchased during the celebrations this month. It is an-other case of lack of artistic direction in such matters. Two publications, however, that should be eagerly sought during this are "The Bridge Book," Nos. 1 and 2. These contain a finely selected record of the bridge, in photography, by Mr. Harold Cazneaux, of Sydney, and are published by "Art in Australia." Mr. Cazneaux is one of the most brilliant photographers we have in Australia, and be possesses a unique sense of composition and decoration.
    He has seen the bridge as nobody else has seen it, and the results of his study are remarkably fine. It is to be hoped that reprints of these bridge books will be available. Apart from these, a special "souvenir" number of "Art in Australia" will be published. ART. (1932, March 19). The Australasian (Melbourne, Vic. : 1864 - 1946), p. 15. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article142423733 



    A View From North Sydney 
    (Photo : H. Cazneaux.)
    A View From North Sydney (1932, March 16). Sydney Mail (NSW : 1912 - 1938), p. 51. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article160081722

    "B.P. MAGAZINE"
    The March issue of "The B.P. Magazine." published quarterly by Burns. Philp & Co., Limited, Sydney, has been received. A feature is the photo reproductions, particularly those by the famous cameramen. Frank Hurley and H. Cazneaux. There are short stories, but the special articles, notably "On With the Wool!" and "Bon Gerhardi -Fossil Hunter," are particularly interesting. The stage and screen, and their players and singers, are reviewed, and there are verses and pages for the children. On the cover Is a fine, reproduction in colors of Chas. Robertson's "Bazaar Gossip." now in the National Art Gallery, Sydney. "B.P. MAGAZINE" (1932, March 15). The Advertiser (Adelaide, SA : 1931 - 1954), p. 10. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article46846273 

    NIGHT PHOTOGRAPHY IN NOVEMBER "HOME" 
    Night photographs by Cazneaux of some of the rocky spires of the Blue Mountains under floodlight illumination lend distinction to the February number of "The Home," now on issue. The celebrated "Three Sisters' are shown from several vantage points, and are marked by mingled grandeur and mystery. NIGHT PHOTOGRAPHY IN NOVEMBER "HOME" (1933, February 7). News (Adelaide, SA : 1923 - 1954), p. 8. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article133065309 

    And being a family man and servant of the community all the while:

    The Junior Red Cross put up a wonderful pageant at the Town Hall on Friday afternoon for their annual entertainment. There where original sets and costumes — 'Use More Wool' in sheepskins, Empire frocks, and back to infant days. It was a truly brilliant and kaleidoscopic display. The marshalling of the groups was done by Miss Christie and Mr. Peek. The fancy costumes were judged by Mr. H. Cazneaux and Mr. Monte Luke. Under the galleries, gaily decorated stalls displayed articles made by members, including the winning exhibits sent in to the recent competition for knitting and sewing. On the dais were Sir Philip Came, who was accompanied by Commander Gifford, the Lord Mayor (Ald. R. C. Hagon) and the Lady Mayoress, the Premier (Mr. B. S. B. Stevens), Mr. R. W. Weaver (Minister for Works and Health).  THE SOCIAL ROUND. (1933, May 11). Catholic Freeman's Journal (Sydney, NSW : 1932 - 1942), p. 16. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article146113285 

    MRS. SPENCER BRUNTON, photographed at her home, "Gladswood," Gladswell Gardens. When Mrs. Brunton had a birthday, her husband gave her the racehorse Gladswood as a gift. Mr. Brunton looks upon 19 as his lucky number, as it was 19 years between two of his racehorses winning the Metropolitan. Trainer Booth, by the way, when he wishes to make a present to his wife or daughters, considers a racehorse an apt. -Cazneaux Photo. Her HORSES WON Her £20,000 (1933, September 30). The Australian Women's Weekly (1933 - 1982), p. 13. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article48203979 

    THE FRENSHAM BOOK.
    Mr Harold Cazneaux is widely known for his beautiful photography. He has gained prizes at exhibitions in London and New York as well as showing his work in Australia. But he has seldom done anything lovelier than appears in the Frensham Book.As Miss West, the principal of Frensham, points out in a foreword, this series of photographs is not designed as an inventory or guide to the school. It is "intended rather as a reminder of pleasant places and happy days for those who have lived at Frensham." But everyone with an eye for artistry will be attracted by these admirable pictures. The hundred photo- graphs have been chosen from among 390 exposures. Each one catches and records some characteristic effect, of atmosphere or arrangement of forms, and imprisons a fleeting moment on a printed page. The edition of the Frensham Book, which was published by "Art in Australia" as one of its last activities be-fore coming into the "Sydney Morning Herald" organisation, is limited to 800 (or 600?) copies. THE FRENSHAM BOOK. (1935, February 9). The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954), p. 10. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17149166 


    Cazneaux, Harold. (1934). Stepping stones Courtesy National Library of Australia. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-140223467 

    Frensham School is an independent, non-denominational, secondary, day and boarding school for girls, located at Mittagong, south of Sydney, in the Southern Highlands of New South Wales, Australia. Established in 1913 by Winifred West, the school has a non-selective enrolment policy and currently caters for approximately 300 students from Years 7 to 12, including 222 boarders.[5] Students come to Frensham from Sydney, rural New South Wales, interstate, overseas and the Southern Highlands. The school is governed by the Winifred West Schools Limited, along with Miss West's other two schools, Sturt School Craft Centre and Gib Gate Primary school.
    Frensham was founded by Winifred Mary West (1881–1971) on 17 July 1913, with three students and five teaching staff. [3.]


    After so much said about the gentleman, some of Mr. Cazneaux's articles:

    WHERE THE ARTIST FAILS
    BY H. CAZNEAUX, PHOTOGRAPHER

    MANY well-known artists say that, in the hands of the artistically gifted, photography is an art; but many more jump at the mere mention -of the question to a tirade of arguments so hopelessly wanton that modest Mr. Photographer slides back into the shadows of his dark-room, there to delve into the secrets of the effects of actinic light action upon silver, ultimately bringing out his essays into honest daylight. 

    At the exhibition, the poor photographer trembles. He notes the distinguished art connoisseur discoursing on the merits, and mostly upon the demerits, of his photographs on the wall. "Perhaps - some day", he says. "At present, all I can see is the rendering of mere record". 

    Looking back, the photographer's mind seizes the fact that so many artists have made use of snapshot photography. Many of them, on tour, have cameras peeping out of their pockets - perhaps their dislike of the word "art" being added to "photograph" has come with the slap knowledge with which they manipulated their cameras, and gave the films to quick - printing ma-chines, which turned out horrid, black-and-white, glossy little cheap photos. But — even these snaps were useful to the authors, in ways known to themselves. 

    The truth must come out. Mr. Paintquick deigned to make use of the cheap snapshot to fill in details on his canvas — and the humble photographer was modestly proud. Apart from this, had not his beloved photography supplanted the artist in journals and newspapers, just on account of the wonderful action-of-a-second of arrested, motion — the grace of the dancer, the tension of the racehorse in full gallop, the decorative effect of flying birds? These speed photographs gave the artist just the insight he needed, that frozen fraction of a second which the human eye could not hold. No more stiff, unnatural drawings! 

    But the photographer has gone further than this. Those of his kind with artistic instincts so far developed the subtleties of photography that to-day it is possible to make pictures with all the skill of the artist. There are still limitations: colors are not perfected, but it is only a matter of time. The world will yet see the photographer's pictures in color, and he will be artist enough to control the color rendering, just as he has studied the control of monochrome, which has given his pictures that sense of color. 

    INDIVIDUALITY 

    There is the argument that it is impossible to show individuality in camera studies. Utter non-sense. If six camera artists were given the same scene to photograph, each would show pictures that would not only be entirely different from the rest, but one could pick out each artist by his picture. Individuality? The camera artist is full of it. 

    What notoriously bad pictures the painter would turn out if a camera were put in his hands! Worse, perhaps, than the result if a brush were thrust into the photographer's hands. 

    The camera man does not need to draw. He concentrates upon the art of selection, his eye is sensitive to the pictorial quality of light and shade. His lens does the drawing. He can control the tones of his negatives, eliminating unnecessary details. He has the artistry of being capable of adding accent to high lights, greater depths to shadows - the whole range of light and shade is absolutely under his artistic control. The greater his artistic conception, the greater will be the pictorial quality of the finished photograph -which is just what can be said of the painter or etcher. 

    WHERE CAMERAS SCORE

    What an advantage over the artist has the photographer in portraiture! It is here that the camera scores, for, with exposures of a second, and even less, the photographer can secure natural expressions and positions under a variety of different lightings, so that he does not worry even the most nervous of sitters. But how elusive the pose and expression when spread over the long sittings necessary to complete a drawing or painting. In the end, the work may show the artist off in some style of finish, such as the working of his own personality into the canvas, but it may be a bad like-ness, backed by a stiff, exaggerated pose. Perhaps everyone - except the sitter - is thrilled. 

    Without conceit of any kind, the photographer, in the space of 30 minutes, may secure a dozen different positions and various expressions. Some, to be sure, will be bad, but he offers at least a couple of excellent portraits, untrammelled by fanciful style or distortion, and all for a modest fee of a few guineas for a dozen copies. The painter, for all his cleverness, must charge the sitter 50 or 100 guineas for making a single bad likeness. How well has the camera served the masses in past years. Think of the magnitude of the service. Good or bad, expensive or cheap, there can scarcely be an individual who shakes off this mortal coil without leaving a distinctive, personal like-ness behind him to console friends and relatives. For rich and poor, the photographer has robbed the grave of something of its victory. Imagine a world in which there were only artists, ready to grant this shadow of immortality only to those who could pay the price - and often, what a shadow!

    A study in curves. - Another Royal Photographic Society picture.

    WHERE THE ARTIST FAILS (1929, November 10). The Sun (Sydney, NSW : 1910 - 1954), p. 25. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article225157833

    ART OF THE CAMERA.
    Its Amazing Growth.
    By Harold Cazneaux.

    The photographic art in Australia is comparatively young, but it has made remarkable progress, and is destined to achieve much greater distinction. Until a few years ago Australia was practically unknown in the photographic world, but to-day, at the time of our 150th Anniversary, the work of Australians is recognised in all the noted salons overseas.    

    The Photographic Society of New South Wales, in association with the Sydney Camera Circle and the Professional Photographers Association of New South Wales, has organized the Commemorative Salon of Photography, which is now open in the gallery of the Commonwealth Bank building. This important salon, which is officially recognised by the Anniversary Celebrations Council, includes examples of photographic art by amateur and professional workers from all over the world, and illustrates the tremendous advance which photography has made. The beauty of the pictures and the wide range of subject matter render the exhibition of unique interest to the public.

    THE VELVET COAT

    Photography had not been invented when Governor Phillip landed at Sydney Cove. It is a little over 100 years ago since Daguerre and Fox Talbot worked out the difficult experiments which led to the discovery of photography.

    The real development of photography occurred only in our parents' day, and there are many old but well-preserved "Daguerreotypes" and even old silverprints still in existence which belonged to them. There came a change-over from the "wet plate" to the "dry plate " and the old and cumbersome process slowly gave way to the new and lighter method. Studios were opened in greater numbers in the cities, and spread to country towns. The photographer, garbed in his velvet coat and perhaps a velvet cap was a personage in those days. He worked "by appointment only," and his studio bore the appearance of "back stage" of the old-time theatre, for he had to supply the accessories for his sitters — backgrounds that would provide interiors of mansions, churches, seaside scenes, and landscapes. His stock-in-trade included fake terraces, staircases, ship's masts, boats, elaborate furniture, and huge clam shells for the baby. Some possessed stuffed birds and animals and children were often specially dressed up to fit in with the photographer's ponderous accessories.

    All this passed away. The accessories and velvet coats were sold as junk, heavy cameras and huge old-fashioned lenses were bundled out of the way, and a newer era was ushered in. Young Australians got hold of newer cameras, lighter and more efficient lenses, and simpler studio equipment. Electric light appeared, and daylight was considered out of date. The photographer to-day works in a modern studio, he takes your portrait while you are chatting to him, he touches buttons and switches, and lights appear from all angles of his studio, and he uses thin sensitive films instead of heavy glass plates.

    Australia is up to date in photographic matters, although it must still rely upon world centres for high-grade cameras and equipment. For many years, however, quality sensitive film, plates printing papers and much other photographic material have been manufactured in Victoria and New South Wales, and eventually we may hope to produce cameras, lenses and other delicate equipment.

    Australians' Fine Work.

    Australia has photographers whose work compares very favourably with that done overseas. It is being accepted and hung in the noted salons of the world, such as the annual show of the Royal Photographic Society of Great Britain and the London Salon of Photography, and many foreign salons exhibit Australian pictorial photographs, which become a splendid advertisement for this country.

    The amateur photographer has been responsible for a great deal of the progress of artistic photography in Australia. His in-dependent and individual outlook has enabled him to produce pictures without thought of sales, and much of the artistic quality apparent in to-day's photography has developed from the amateur's sound and natural outlook. We have throughout Australia many amateur photographic clubs and societies who work purely for the love of advancing artistic photography. The Photographic Society of New South Wales, which is affiliated with the Royal Society, was founded over 40 years ago, and it continues its good work.

    Photography is one of the world’s great hobbies and our workers have shared in the international interchange of the best examples of pictorial art.

    Commercial and advertising photography, like press photography has undergone a transformation, and the old-time inartistic type of cameraman has no value to-day. The new work is exacting and only men and women of the highest artistic ability and photographic technique can hope to succeed.

    Photography for the million is a great teacher it compels attention to detail, develops the powers of observation, imagination and patience, and brings out latent artistic talent. Above all, it encourages a love of our great Australian outdoors. What- ever is spent on photography as a hobby is returned to the discriminating user tenfold.

    A remarkable fact about photography is that while it is capable of being employed by scientists for record and other work, the artist, using the same materials, can produce a picture which will portray a subject arranged with pleasing composition and rendered in beautiful tonal quality — a picture which can be justly looked upon as a work of art. Critics who say that photography is only a mechanical means of producing a picture know little of artistic photographic technique. A first-class photographer who possesses depth of feeling, an eye for artistic selection and a creative mind can give lasting joy to the beholder of his work and elevate photography to the realm of true art. 

    ART OF THE CAMERA. (1938, March 26).The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954), p. 7. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17452105 

    Harold Cazneaux remains the 'father of Australian photography' - his works captured the essence of a nation coming into its own and establishing an identity that has been reinvented a million times since. Everyone has one or several Cazneaux photographs that they love for many reasons.

    Cazneaux wrote: “The photographer must be in accordance with all nature’s moods, he must feel the very spirit of the scene if he is to be successful”.

    A great photographer is able to immerse themselves - knowing thereby they will capture the essence of what is there and what is happening if that is at all possible. For Harold Cazneaux it certainly was; despite a battle with depression that went on for decades, he found immersing himself in music and the beauty of Nature, whether at home in his garden, or elsewhere, was not only a curative but an inspiration to creating pure ART.

    The man himself, quiet, humble but serious about his work, communicated a sense of home that sprang from being and remaining embedded in his own family and showed in thousands of visions that other great home - Australia, and for us, visions of the place we call home as it was that are imbued with love and bring joy.


    Cazneaux, Harold. (1924). Harold standing on water's edge in cap and gaiters, Sydney, 1924 Courtesy National Library of Australia  Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-144143944


    Cazneaux, Harold. (193-?). Portrait of Harold Cazneaux leaning on a camera, 1930s? Courtesy National Library of Australia Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-144168700

    References And Extras

    1. TROVE. The National Library of Australia

    2.Edwards, Zeny, Ambleside, Dictionary of Sydney, 2008, http://dictionaryofsydney.org/entry/ambleside

    3. Lesley G. Lynch, 'Cazneaux, Harold Pierce (1878–1953)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/cazneaux-harold-pierce-5542/text9443, published first in hardcopy 1979

    Winifred and Harold's Family


    Cazneaux, Harold. (1915). Jean, Beryl, Rainbow and Carmen at the beach, North Sydney, 1915 Courtesy National Library of Australia Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-144143173

    Rainbow W Cazneaux born circa 1908 reg. 18662/1908 St Leonards, married Hugh Malanai Johnson, killed during WWII during sinking of HMAS Hobart RAN (parents of Robert and Sally)

    Jean L Cazneaux born circa 1909, reg. 41494/1909 St Leonards 

    May Beryl Cazneaux born circa 1911, reg. 20775/1911 St Leonards - served in WWII

    Carmen Cazneaux born circa 1913, reg. 19310/1913 St Leonards, married Vincent Frederick Field

    Joan Cazneaux married Herbert Smith

    Harold Ramsay Cazneaux (2nd A.I.F.) killed 14 September 1941 at Tobruk, just 21 years old


    Cazneaux, Harold. (). Corporal Harold Ramsay Cazneaux in uniform, New South Wales, 1940 Courtesy National Library of Australia  Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-140228344

    JOHNSON-CAZNEAUX-June 5 1934 at St. Andrew 's Church Roseville, by Rev. W J Roberts, Rainbow eldest daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Cazneaux Roseville to Hugh Johnson Paymaster Lieutenant RAN only son of Mr. and Mrs. M C Johnson Adelaide S A. Family Notices (1934, June 23). The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954), p. 14. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17095958 


    Studio portrait of Paymaster Lieutenant (later Paymaster Commander) Hugh Malanai Johnson - taken by Harold Cazneaux

    Rainbow's husband was killed in action 20 July 1943. Paymaster Lieutenant Johnson boarded his first ship, HMAS Tingira, on 13 April 1921, and began his career with the Royal Australian Navy in the rank of Boy, 2nd Class. Having served on many ships during his career, including HMAS Melbourne, HMAS Sydney, and HMAS Cerberus, Paymaster Lieutenant Johnson joined the HMAS Hobart on 8 April 1942. Promoted to Acting Paymaster Commander on 25 May 1942 and having this position confirmed in May 1943, he lost his life just two months later when the HMAS Hobart was torpedoed by a Japanese submarine. Bio courtesy Australian War Museum.

    JOHNSON -(nee Cazneaux) — On the 25th of October, at Roslyn Private Hospital, Lindfield, N.S.W., to Rainbow, wife of Paymaster Lieutenant Commander H. M. Johnson. RAN. — a daughter. Family Notices (1939, November 2). Chronicle (Adelaide, SA : 1895 - 1954), p. 23. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article92454672 

    The year 1941 was a horrific one for Harold and Winifred - they lost their son, Harold's brother and their son-in-law.

    The birth notice for Dick Smith, electronics wizz - it should no longer be a surprise why he, alike many of us, is so very pro-Australian!:

    SMITH (nee Joan Cazneaux).-March 18, at Tonga, Roseville, to L./Bdr. and Mrs. Herbert Smith, of Roseville-a son (Richard Harold). Family Notices (1944, March 22). The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954), p. 12. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17866094 

    Dick Smith grew up opposite his grandparent's home. It was his uncle Harold's radio bits and pieces that he was finally allowed to explore years after Harold's untimely death. It had been locked up and left for years prior to then. 


    Cazneaux, Harold. (1936). Interior of Harold's room at Ambleside, Roseville, New South Wales, 1936 Courtesy National Library of Australia. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-144157615

    Negative outlook in photo. art

    NO Dobell influence has crept into the New South Wales Photographic Society's exhibition at Farmer's Blaxland Galleries. Most exhibitors are still painstakingly taking the same kind of photograph that their predecessors took 20 years ago. This is the view of Mr. S. Dunleavy. "Sunday Sun" photo-graphic expert, of the work in the exhibition. "The walls are covered with pre-war photo mounts with pre-last war photographs stuck to them. Mr. Dunleavy said excellent technical work in the exhibition was wasted on banal landscapes and portraits. Three of Australia's best photographers, H. Cazneaux. Dr. Julian Smith and Monte Luke, entered the best photographs, all taken many years ago. Cazneaux and Monte Luke, masters of the bromoil process, avoided the splashiness of less-skilful artists. "Old" child studies "Dr. Julian Smith's child studies are still unbeatable, though the Manpower authorities have probably caught up with most of the children by now", Mr. Dunleavy said. Mr. Dunleavy said the most original exhibitor was Ainslie Roberts, with a table-top composition. "We shot down a Junkers 89" - a picture of aerial combat. Good example of a scenic study injected with life and drama was John Street's "The Magic Wood". Other exhibitors worthy of mention were John Wray, J. Metcalf and Clarence Young.

    This looks like a thrilling scene of aerial combat, but is actually a composite table-top photograph, entered by Ainslie Roberts in the NSW photographic Society's exhibition.

    "Longing", by A.E.F. Chaffer, outstanding in the same exhibition.

    "Drummer Boy", one of many excellent child studies by Dr. Julian Smith.

    Negative outlook in photo, art (1945, January 21). The Sun (Sydney, NSW : 1910 - 1954), p. 6. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article231705728

    The great man himself passes away:

    CAZNEAUX, Harold Pierce.—June 19, 1953 (suddenly), at his residence, Roseville, beloved husband of Mabel Winifred and loved father of Rainbow, Jean, Beryl, Carmen and Joan and Harold. (deceased 2nd A.I.F). Family Notices (1953, June 20). The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954), p. 40. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article18366746 

    TO HONOUR NOTED CAMERAMAN

    A tribute which members of the Northern Tasmanian Camera Club had arranged to pay well-known Australian photographer, Mr. Harold Cazneaux, will now hold a much deeper significance for them. OFFICIALS of the club were notified yesterday that Mr. Cazneaux died in Sydney early yesterday morning. Mr. Cazneaux, who was an Honorary Fellow of the Royal Photographic Society, had been prominent in Australian photographic circles for more than 50 years. Last year photographic societies in Sydney combined to pay a tribute to Mr. Cazneaux at a function at which 50 of his best works were displayed. Recorded Tape recordings and a film of the pictures display-ed, with comments by Mr. Cazneaux, were made and distributed to photographic societies all over Australia. Arrangements had been made to have this tribute in Launceston next Tues-day, and officials of the N.T.C.C. decided yesterday that they would hold the function as planned. Members of other clubs in the North and North-West have been invited to at-tend the function, which will be held at the club's rooms at the Queen Victoria Museum. TO HONOUR NOTED CAMERAMAN (1953, June 25). Examiner (Launceston, Tas. : 1900 - 1954), p. 6. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article225918986 

    TRIBUTE CAME TOO LATE

    AFTER the Northern Tasmanian Camera Club had arranged to pay a tribute to the well known Australian photo-grapher Mr. Harold Caz-neaux, news was received last week of his death in Sydney.

    The function, however, was held last night at the Queen Victoria Museum, Launceston, but before it opened the club president (Mr. J. Ikin) referred to Mr. Cazneaux's death, and the gathering stood in silence out of respect to his memory.

    Mr. Cazneaux, who was an honorary fellow of the Royal Photographic Society, had been prominent in Australian photographic circles for more than 50 years. TRIBUTE CAME TOO LATE (1953, July 1). The Mercury (Hobart, Tas. : 1860 - 1954), p. 18. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article27148768 

    WIDOW CANT GET HER MONEY, BUT …
    Gaoled Woman Has Her Respect

    Miss Joan Hamilton who went to gaol last Tuesday for contempt of Court as a strong admirer in Mrs. Mabel Winifred Cazneaux, the parson most affected by the stand that sent her there.

    "I respect Miss Hamilton's courage. I admire her principles," said gentle, grey-haired little Mrs. Cazneaux yesterday.

    Miss Hamilton, of Carlton St, Waverley, was sent to Long Bay Gaol for refusing to identify in the Probate Court a signature on a will as her own. '

    The will is that of Mr. Harold Cazneaux, who died on June 19 last year, aged 75, and his widow had applied to the Court for proof of the will.

    Miss Hamilton's refusal to attest has held up probate for almost a year, and Mrs. Cazneaux, the principal beneficiary, has been deprived of her income for that time.

    Miss Hamilton told the Court she would not identify her signature until the pro-bate rule that solictiors and doctors receive £1/1/ for attesting a will, while other people receive nothing, was changed.

    Mrs. Cazneaux said yesterday, "It has been hard. I haven't been able to buy any clothes, but I've managed.

    "It has upset me terribly that Miss Hamilton has had to go to gaol.

    "Sometimes I wish I had been able to talk to Miss Hamilton and get to know her better. Maybe it. would all have been different.

    Only Met Once

    'But I only met her once -at the solicitor's office where she worked, when she witnessed my husband's will-and that was in 1937."

    Mrs. Cazneaux was gardening at her Roseville home when the "Sun-Herald" re-porter called to see her.

    "Gardening steadies me when I'm upset," she said, and went on quietly:

    "Perhaps this whole business wouldn't have troubled me so much if it hadn't come so soon after the first anniversary of my husband's death.

    "All his friends were so kind to me then.

    "Even the Prime Minister, Mr. Menzies, took the trouble to write.

    "I believe Miss Hamilton will come before the Court to-morrow when the case is resumed. If she has a second chance I hope she will change her mind."

    An official of St. Vincent's Hospital said yesterday that an operation which was to have been performed on Miss Hamilton this morning had been cancelled. WIDOW CAN'T GET HER MONEY, BUT... Gaoled Woman Has Her Respect (1954, August 8). The Sun-Herald (Sydney, NSW : 1953 - 1954), p. 9. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article28663768 

    Marriage

    925/1883 CAZNEAU WILLIAM L BUCHANAN SUSAN SYDNEY
    Cazneaux, Harold. (1905). Portrait of William Lancelot Cazneau, Harold's uncle, Sydney, ca. 1905 Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-144123826 

    William passed away in 1912
    CAZNEAU.—May 3, 1912, at his residence, 125 Victoria-street, Darlinghurst, William Lancelott Cazneau, aged 75 years. Family Notices (1912, May 4). The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954), p. 14. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article15335287

    CAZNEAU. —May 18, 1917, at Sydney, Susan, widow of the late William L. Cazneau. At rest. Family Notices (1917, May 21). The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954), p. 6. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article15721250

    DEPARTURE OF A RAILWAY OFFICIAL. Farewell to Mr. Canzneau. As the Railway Stores Department, Newcastle, is about to lose the services of Mr. P. Cazneau, through his removal to Sydney, his fellow officers determined that he should not leave for Sydney without being given a "send off." Accordingly last night the principal officials met at the Centenial Hotel, to the number of twenty, for the purpose of spending a convivial evening, and bidding good-bye to Mr. Cazneau. Mr. T. M. Halligan (district engineer) presided, and Mr. Thomas Boag (late locomotive superintendent) occupied the vice-chair. The usual loyal toasts having been honoured, that of the guest of the evening was proposed in felicitous terms by Mr. Scott Laing, who referred to the action of the Railway Commissioners in effecting the changes that were being made. Those changes, he thought, it would ultimately be seen would result beneficially to those who remained in the service. Mr. Cazneau responded, expressing his surprise at being recorded such a "send off," as he had anticipated being able to depart quietly by train to-day to Sydney. A number of other toasts were given, including "The Railway Department," "The Ladies," and "The Press," which were duly acknowledged. Songs and recitations filled in a very pleasant evening for all who were present. DEPARTURE OF A RAILWAY OFFICIAL. (1889, August 31). Newcastle Morning Herald and Miners' Advocate (NSW : 1876 - 1954), p. 7. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article138930120 

    CAZNEAU.—May 20, 1924, at his residence, Aigburth, 109 Brighton-street, Petersham, Prescott, dearly beloved husband of Maria Ann Cazneau, aged 81 years. Family Notices (1924, May 30). The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954), p. 8. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16155523 

    Aigburth is a suburb of Liverpool, Merseyside, England. The name Aigburth comes from Old Norse eik and berg, meaning oak-tree hill. The name can be interpreted as "hill where oak trees grow" and is a hybrid place-name: the first part of the name is from Old Norse eik meaning "oak tree" (which is found in Eikton in Cumbria and Eakring in Nottinghamshire) and Old English beorg or berg meaning hill but as there is no real hill in Aigburth the sense here is more likely to be rising ground. 

    BIRTHS.
    HAMMER [nee Carman Cazneau].—On the 21st August, at "Aroha," First avenue, St. Peters, to the wife of Ralph Hammer—a daughter (Carmen Cazneau). Family Notices (1922, August 31). The Register (Adelaide, SA : 1901 - 1929), p. 6. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article63927363 

    A few Extra Extras:

    Ethel Turner : At Her Window
    (By M. Cox-Taylor)


    At her desk we know her. From this forum she addresses an audience of Youth Unlimited. And for twenty-eight years, inspired by that bubble of perennial childhood in her heart, she has so addressed it in her peaceful study at Avenel. There have been two desks. An older favourite, not so often used in recent years, is more or less pensioned off, with bulging largesse of papers, MSS, which she has hurriedly scribbled and put aside, rough notes that collect, like accidents, in the best regulated homes.


    ETHEL TURNER (MRS. H. R. CURLEWIS).

    IN her work Ethel Turner (Mrs. H. R. Curlewis, wife of Judge Curlewis, of Avenel, Mosman) is most methodical. Not precise. She is too young to fidget — eternally young with those blue eyes, radiant smile, and sweet, unspoilt nature— about the habit of papers that hang on a borderline between the things that are carefully pigeonholed and the things that ought to go to the waste-paper basket. So they just tuck away in that old writing-table's drawers. 

    Perhaps she has, with the sensitive temperament of the literary woman, gradually flung an atmosphere that helps into that other big, high-backed desk of hers. There she sits most mornings in the week. 
    'How do you arrange your days?' I asked her recently. 
    'I have no rules — except the rule that one cannot give way to the lure of fine mornings when the world out of doors is calling. I am very fond of gardening. There would always be an excuse to leave my desk and do something in the garden when I feel less inclined to write.

    Then are days when I keep on till I have finished something — and time means nothing.' In this attitude, which is firm and insistent on making to-day carry its own task — the task of her choice and the work for which she has inimitable skill — Mrs. Curlewis has achieved a library shelf full of children's books.

    Though youth in the teen age also absorbs them — since the year when 'Seven Little Australians' made a sensational success — they are essentially the reflex of all that is most naive and humorous in the child mind. With Judy and Punch Ethel Turner has in her more recent book carried on the story which made her name. 

    ANTHONY TROLLOPE, with his watch on the table beside his desk, weighed out in minutes the hours he intended to sit and sift the lives of bishops, prebendaries, and poor curates in English cathedral towns. Possibly he began with the difficulty of acquiring concentration. Without turning his head to look at a clock, the friendly face of a large fat watch reminded him that he must, like the Perpetual Curate, be amenable to the advice, 'It's dogged as does it!' 

    Tennis used to be a favourite game of Ethel Turner. Now her play-time goes in golf and surfing. In the latter she gets that exhilaration that is passed on to the breezy dialogue of boys and girls. Her garden, like her home, is beautiful. In both there is a great deal of this popular writer's favourite colour — blue.

    'I am trying to have whole beds of nothing but  blue flowers,' said Mrs. Curlewis; 'but somehow little pink ones will come up between.' 

    The seaside cottage at Palm Beach and the new cream and blue bungalow on the brim of the Leura golf links are her play places. At her desk in serious working hours, when the call of the outdoor is persistent, and song of the thrush in the tree near the gate is a clarion cry to 'come out and have a game in the garden,' Ethel Turner knows where to rest a moment. 

    She likes to sit on the deep, low sill of the casement window and take time off — just five minutes to watch the butterflies flaunt, gauzy wings over the blue of tall delphiniums. 
    Ethel Turner : At Her Window (1930, February 12). Sydney Mail (NSW : 1912 - 1938), p. 29. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article160632788  Visit:  The Gibbs-Turner Original Magic Button

    Leon Gellert Finds Himself.. AMONG THE KOALAS

    AN incensed reader has sent me a newspaper clipping in which, she claims, a libellous injustice has been  done to a koala. It states that at Mona Vale one of these animals bit and poisoned the hand of a solicitous naturalist who was trying to succour it-a Mr. John Hallstrom. The name seems familiar. Were there any truth in this alarming story it could only be assumed that the unhappy marsupial, immeasurably wiser than its kind, singled out that particular hand as most deserving the honour of the first koala-bite in history.

    Such reckless stories of the ferocity of our native bears may have their uses. Apart from frightening us into barring our doors more securely at night, they should act as a warning to those foolhardy wayfarers who are always eager to rescue a country's fauna from its natural surroundings.

    Man, in his dealings with creatures of the wild, suffers many misadventures. He may be torn asunder by raging silkworms, brutally battered to death by butterflies or trampled underfoot by stampeding ladybirds, but he is never, never, never bitten by koalas.

    This is not to say that every-body who chooses to play fast and loose with a koala comes away unscathed.. The single occasion on which I engaged one of the species single-handed proved to be a pretty bloody affair. 

    MANY years ago my friend Harold Cazneaux (the celebrated photographer) and I were assigned to bring out an illustrated booklet on the Australian native bear. During the preliminary operations of getting facts and photographs at Koala Park, Mr. Noel Burner, the director of the sanctuary, placed an exquisite cub of about seven inches long in my arms while he and Cazneaux went in search of a larger specimen.

    Mistaking me for the bole of  a stunted bluegum, the animal began to mount, hand over hand,[for the topmost branches where, if instinct could be relied upon, the most succulent pastures were to be found. I tried as gently as possible to thwart its purpose, but my tender restraint was met with a cheerful but desperate opposition. The harder I tugged, the deeper its needle-sharp claws dug in.

    Having negotiated my vest, it scrambled from one chin to the next and began its ascent of the face, itself, where the yielding, penetrable tissues were more to its liking. Eventually it gained the summit and, as far as I remember,- settled down among the sparse undergrowth and quietly dropped off to sleep.

    By the time Mr. Burnet returned my countenance was ashambles. But, there and then, I was given a lesson in the correct method of disengaging a koala bear from the human face. The procedure is much like removing a cluster of fishhooks that have become embedded in the flesh. The booklet is long since out of print and Mr. Cazneaux's incomparable photographs have circulated on their own merits and have been acclaimed in every quarter of the globe.

    THE publication I speak of was an inexpensive little thing, and I can recall only one other incident in connection with it, and that was a true story that my friend  Hemsley told me while it was in preparation.

    Hemsley is one of those kindly, sensitive mortals who shudder visibly at the very thought of pain wantonly inflicted.

    One evening, as we were travelling together on the ferry-boat from the city, I told him of our prospective brochure on the koala, and saw him wince at the mention of the name. After some moments of grave silence he came out with his story. It was simple and brief.

    "It was towards the end of my knicker bocker days," said Hemsley. "There were three of us all boys of about the same age and armed with pea-rifles, we had set out across country one morning for a day's rabbit-shooting.

    "We had tramped through the fields and low-lying paddocks for hours. We had scattered through the stubble and peered into burrows. We had combed the bushes and the dead wood for miles around but with no sight of a rabbit, except, here and there,  a vanishing tail.

    "By midday not a shot had been fired. And then someone suggested that we make our way up the gentle slope of ground to the foothills where, out of reach of the sun, under the tall timber we could eat our lunch.

    "AS soon as we got well into the belt of towering gums we collapsed forlorn and frustrated at the foot of the largest of then and lay there on our back munching and grumbling.

    "Revived by our meal, we gathered enough energy to make a target of a young sapling. But we soon wearied of sapling shooting and once more lay on our backs in the shade looking up at the blue fragments of sky showing through the distant wickerwork of leaves. It was close timber and the lowest branches emerged from their trunks some twenty feet from the ground.

    "Suddenly the idling eyes one of us descried a small brown shape huddled in the delicate fork of the highest limb of our tree. It swayed in the mild wind overhead like a tiny mariner caught in the farthest rigging. And although none of us had seen one we all knew that it was a koala.

    "There was great excitement. Game at last!-and nicely silhouetted against a clear heaven.

    "After the usual dispute as to whose privilege it was to have the first shot we were all at it firm singly, at first, and then in volleys

    "The brown shape continued to swing unconcernedly and then someone scored a hit.

    "There were yells of delight as our marksmanship improved and we could hear our bullets find their mark.

    "Slowly the small brown bundle began to stir, unfolding itself like a woollen glove. And then we saw a drop of blood among the dead leaves at our feet. Another drop fell beside it and another. It wouldn't be long now, we thought, before that clump of fur came tumbling down. It must be fairly riddled with lead by this time.

    "Nevertheless a feeling of un-easiness had set in. From away up in the tree-top there came drifting down to us a sound that made us lower our rifles and stand close together-a white faced little group, paralysed with awe. It began as a soft whimpering such as might have come from a forsaken child and swelled to the terrible grief-stricken lamentation of a heart hopelessly broken. It went on and on.

    THERE was no protest in that piteous crying-only an inconsolable anguish. And as the moaning continued we noticed that the bear had begun to move.

    "It was coming down-not falling down, but slowly, falteringly groping its way along the branch to the main stem, weeping and shaking its head from side to side as it paused, every now and again, to steady itself.

    "Eventually it arrived at the lowest limb and commenced its backward descent of the smooth trunk. Never was progress so slow.

    "And all the time we stood there watching and listening watching its poor feet fumble for a grip so that pieces of bark came clattering down-listening to that interminable crying of despair.

    "When at last it reached the ground, it hesitated for a second or two and then, as though it had lost the power to see, it came stumbling to where we stood petrified with shame and horror. And there it sank at our feet.

    "Not till we had realised that it was dead did we notice, clinging to its back, another diminutive bear looking up at us with bright beady eyes. It seemed as though that heroic mother had, with its last gasp, trustingly committed her cub into our care.

    "I tell you that during the whole of that horrible journey home none of us spoke a single word. And since that day I have never touched a firearm of any kind."

    COULD see that Hemsley was considerably upset. But it was time for me to leave him. The boat was drawing into my wharf.

    As I rose to go I said, "And what became of the . . ."

    But somehow I could not get the words out of my mouth. With a dumb gesture of understanding I left him sitting there.

    Leon Gellert Finds Himself.. (1950, October 15). The Sunday Herald (Sydney, NSW : 1949 - 1953), , p. 2. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article28670685 Visit: Sir Edward John Lees Hallstrom - The sanctuary referred to in this article, where Harold's photos were taken, was in Castle Hill road, Pennnat Hills.

    One corner is devoted to mementoes of Pavlova's two Australian visits during world tours in 1926 and 1929: an inscribed ribbon from a bouquet presented by the Russian Club of Sydney, theatre programs and photographs, two of which were taken by Cazneaux ("he was so nervous meeting her that he took a picture of the stool she would sit on and forgot to change the plate, so I had to retouch that one").  A MEMORIAL TO ANNA PAVLOVA (1974, December 18). The Australian Women's Weekly (1933 - 1982), p. 49. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article52270460 

    ARTS, PHOTOGRAPHY 

    Art Gallery of NSW: … Photography: On during the school holidays is an exhibition of photographs by Harold Cazneaux, one of Australia's most important early photographers, and the Power Gallery Acquisitions, which will show the painting, sculpture and printing purchased internationally for the Power Foundation Gallery at the University of Sydney. HOW TO ENJOY THE SCHOOL HOLIDAYS WITHOUT GOING INSANE (1975, July 30). The Australian Women's Weekly (1933 - 1982), p. 7. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article47122135 

    WORKS OF PIONEER PHOTOGRAPHER ON SHOW

    An exhibition of photographs by the man who staged Australia's first one-man photographic show in 1909 has opened at the National Library. The pioneer photographer, Harold Cazneaux, Cazneaux, known to the camera world as Caz. was born in New Zealand but moved to Australia in the early 1890s.

    The 1909 one-man show was shown in London in 1911 and critics ranked Cazneaux with "the few outstanding workers of the world in pictorial photography".

    There were 75 pictures in the 1909 show, including one of his most famous studies 'The Razzle Dazzle".

    'The Razzle Dazzle' is among the 60 photographs in the exhibition at the National Library. Cazneaux died in 1953. The photographs on display were selected from a collection of his pictures given to the library by his daughter, Mrs R. Johnson, of Sydney, on behalf of the family. The exhibition will continue until the end of December. LIFE STYLE PEOPLE Early photos at library 60 WORKS OF PIONEER PHOTOGRAPHER ON SHOW (1976, November 18). The Canberra Times (ACT : 1926 - 1995), p. 20. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article131796654 

    LATE AFTERNOON STUDY IN DEEP CREEK-ROAD, NARRABEEN. Woodland Shades-- (1935, October 30).The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954), , p. 16. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17237516 

    This is not a confirmed Cazneaux photograph - it just bears all the hallmarks of his works and may have been taken by someone he taught if not from his own camera. Given that he took thousands - and they are everywhere of everything - anytime you see a 'study' in light, with trees, and nature, and a child, you have to wonder - is it a Cazneaux?
    Photographers of Pittwater: Harold 'Caz' Cazneaux - threads collected and collated by A J Guesdon, 2018