December 1 - 31, 2025: Issue 649

 

Attack on Bondi Chanukah event: Support Services available - Online Condolence Book - One Mitzvah

Information about the Bondi Beach attack that occurred on Sunday, 14 December 2025, provided by the NSW Government

NSW Government Statement, Monday December 15 2025

NSW is a welcoming and connected society. One which respects the differing views, backgrounds and cultures that make us stronger.

This incident was designed to target Sydney’s Jewish community on the first day of Hanukkah, which should have been a night of peace and joy.

Incidents targeting our Jewish communities have no place in our society.

We recognise the distress these types of incidents have and how they impact the wellbeing of individuals and our communities, particularly children and young people.

Hate and violence will not be tolerated. Threats against any part of our society are a challenge for us all.

Together we are stronger and can ensure that no one falls victim to these hateful influences.

Every person deserves to feel safe in NSW.

Members of the public can contact the Public Information & Enquiry Centre on 1800 227 228 for information relating to people impacted by the Bondi Beach Terrorism Incident.

Victims Supports Services

Victims Support Scheme

The Victims Support Scheme provides counselling, financial assistance and a recognition payment to victims of an act of violence in NSW.

Support is available through the scheme for the families of those who have lost their lives and those who have been affected by the violent acts at Bondi Beach on 14 December 2025.

For information on how to access support:

Victims Services has established a dedicated phone line for victims and family members of victims of the Bondi Beach incident. Please call 1800 411 822 from 9am to 5pm, Monday to Friday.

What support is available?

The Victims Support Scheme provides:

Who can access victims support?

The type of support available for those who have been impacted by the acts of violence at Bondi Beach will depend on their situation:

  • Primary victims who have been injured can access:
    • Counselling
    • Financial assistance for immediate needs
    • Financial assistance for economic loss
    • A recognition payment.
  • Secondary victims who are witnesses can access counselling.
  • A parent, step-parent or guardian of a child who was injured can access counselling and financial assistance for economic loss that directly resulted from the act of violence.
  • Family victims (an immediate family member of a homicide victim) can access:
    • counselling
    • financial assistance for immediate needs
    • financial assistance for justice-related expenses
    • financial assistance to help with funeral expenses of the victim
  • Eligible family victims may also receive a recognition payment.
  • A relative of a homicide victim, not considered a family victim, who is affected by the victim’s death (extended family member) can access counselling.

For general information about support available to victims of violent crime, contact Victims Services, at the Department of Communities and Justice:

Mental health support:

NSW Health, alongside other agencies, will provide mental health support to anyone impacted by the tragic incident.

Trained disaster mental health support clinicians will be available on the ground at Bondi for the local community.

 NSW Health staff will be visible at Bondi Beach over the coming days and weeks. These staff will be mobile and identified by NSW Health vests. 

We urge members of the community who are feeling any distress to make themselves known to these mental health clinicians. 

  • The community can also call the NSW Health’s dedicated Mental Health Line, which is available 24/7 on 1800 011 511. 
  • If you, or someone in your care, needs crisis support, please call Lifeline on 13 11 14. 
  • Children and young people can call Kids Helpline on 1800 55 1800 or chat online at kidshelpline.com.au. 
  • For non-crisis support, please talk to your GP or other trusted health or mental health professional.  
  • You can also call Beyond Blue for mental health advice and support on 1300 22 46 36. 

How you can support: Online Condolence Book

We know that people will be wanting express love and sympathies. 

An online condolence book has been made available by the NSW Government here. 

For those wishing to write a message in person, there is a condolence book at Mona Vale Library - 1 Park St, Mona Vale. 

____________________________________________

Messages-Statements

From His Majesty, King Charles III, to the people of Australia following the anti-Semitic terrorist attack at Bondi Beach.


The Hon Anthony Albanese MP, Prime Minister of Australia: Sunday night, December 14 2025:

I am joined tonight by Nigel Ryan, the Acting Deputy Commissioner for National Security for the AFP, and Mike Burgess, the Director-General of ASIO. And we don't normally talk and confirm meetings of the National Security Committee, but I think at this moment it is appropriate to tell Australians that the National Security Committee was convened as a matter of urgency and we have just come from it. 

This afternoon, there has been a devastating terrorist incident at Bondi at the Chanukah by the Sea celebration. This is a targeted attack on Jewish Australians on the first day of Chanukah, which should be a day of joy, a celebration of faith. An act of evil, antisemitism, terrorism that has struck the heart of our nation. 

An attack on Jewish Australians is an attack on every Australian, and every Australian tonight will be like me, devastated by this attack on our way of life. 

There is no place for this hate, violence and terrorism in our nation. Let me be clear - we will eradicate it. Amidst this vile act of violence and hate will emerge a moment of national unity where Australians across the board will embrace their fellow Australians of Jewish faith. At this dark moment for our nation, our police and security agencies are working to determine anyone associated with this outrage. Our agencies will provide you with factual updates as quickly as possible as they continue to emerge.

The evil that was unleashed at Bondi Beach today is beyond comprehension, and the trauma and loss that families are dealing with tonight is beyond anyone's worst nightmare. Australians have had their lives cruelly stolen and many have been injured for all Australians, our first thoughts are with those in the terrible early hours of their grief. 

We are also thinking of everyone being treated for their injuries and many of whom are alive right now because of the courage and quick action of the NSW Police and the first responders who rushed to their aid, as well as the courage of everyday Australians who without hesitating, put themselves in danger in order to keep their fellow Australians safe. 

We have seen Australians today run towards danger in order to help others. These Australians are heroes, and their bravery has saved lives. 

As Prime Minister, I say on behalf of all Australians to the Jewish community, we stand with you. We embrace you and we reaffirm tonight that you have every right to be proud of who you are and what you believe. 

You have the right to worship and study and live and work in peace and safety. And you enrich us as a nation. You should never have to endure the loss that you have suffered today. You should never know the fear that you know tonight. We will dedicate every resource required to making sure you are safe and protected. 

You are Australian and all Australians are with you today and every day. My fellow Australians, I say tonight that there are nights that tear at our nation's soul in this moment of darkness. 

We must be each other's light. Hold on to the true character of the country that we love. Australia is stronger than the cowards who attacked innocent people today. Australia is braver than those who seek to make us afraid. Australia will never submit to division, violence or hatred. We will see justice done and we will come through this together.

Allegra Spender, Federal MP for Wentworth: December 15, 2025 - Statement on shooting in Bondi

Yesterday was one of the darkest days in Australian history.

Our country is built on the safety and acceptance of all - regardless of faith, ethnicity, or sexuality.

Yesterday’s dreadful murders are the worst nightmare of Jewish Australians, and all of us who are proud of what our country stands for.

This is the day we must all stop being complacent about what it takes to preserve our beautiful tolerant country, and actively pursue our cohesion.

We must be steadfast and strong, but not reactionary.

At a personal level, I urge everyone to reach out to every Jewish Australian they know and say, I am here for you, I have your back.

Bondi Beach will remain closed today. Please avoid the area, follow police orders and do not cross police lines.

My Edgecliff office is open this week for anyone in the community needing support.

Executive Council of Australian Jewry: Terror attack on Bondi Chanukah event Statement, 14 December 2025

ECAJ statement following the terrorist attack on the Chanukah celebration at Bondi Beach in Sydney.

The Jewish community is in mourning following the massacre of innocent Australians including Jews celebrating the festival of Chanukah.

We express our heartfelt sorrow and condolences to the families of those who were coldly and calculatedly slain in a terrorist attack of unfathomable evil, and our wishes for a complete and speedy recovery to those injured.

We express our profound gratitude to the police, first responders and courageous citizens whose actions prevented even greater loss of life.

We acknowledge the strong words of the Prime Minister and Premier of NSW and their commitment to eradicate the evil of antisemitism in Australia.

The time for talking is over.  We need decisive leadership and action now to eradicate the scourge of antisemitism from Australia’s public life, for which the Jewish community has long been advocating. Government’s first duty is to keep its citizens safe. 

The shooting attack targeted the Jewish community but it took place at Bondi Beach, the people’s beach, on what should have been a carefree summer’s day. It was an attack on all Australians, our freedoms and our way of life.

Zali Steggall MP: statement on terrorist attack at Bondi

14 December 2025

Like all Australians, I am deeply distressed by the attack at Bondi. 

My thoughts are with the victims, their families and loved ones, and with emergency services personnel. 

Sunday 14 December was a Jewish day of celebration. Police believe the attack was targeted at a Jewish Hanukkah gathering and have declared this a terrorist incident. I want to state unequivocally that antisemitism and hatred have no place in our community. I stand in solidarity with the Jewish community at this devastating time. 

I urge the public to refrain from sharing graphic images or footage of the incident, as doing so can cause further harm and distress. 

If you are feeling impacted by this incident, please seek support. Confidential assistance is available through Lifeline on 13 11 14 and Beyond Blue on 1300 22 4636.

Jacqui Scruby MP, Independent Member for Pittwater: Statement

The community in Pittwater stands behind the Jewish community, in the wake of the terrible attack at the Chanukah by the Sea event at Bondi Beach. 

Words are inadequate, but it matters that Jewish Australians know they are not alone.

It is devastating that a joyful celebration of Chanukah was met with unspeakable terror and violence. My heart goes out to the victims, their families and friends, the Bondi community and the wider Jewish community. Sydney will never be the same again.

This attack is an affront to the Australian values we share, to the Australia we believe in, and the Australia we want for our children.

I have been deeply moved by the courage of the heroes who sought to disarm the terrorists and in doing so risked or lost their life. The bravery of emergency workers and those who protected and assisted others, often at great personal risk, was remarkable. Their actions reflect the values we must hold on to.

In the days and months ahead, it matters that our response is honest and meaningful. I support a full and transparent inquiry into what occurred, including what must be done to better protect the Jewish community and address anti-Semitism and extremism.

On behalf of Pittwater, I will support robust gun safety reform as part of that response. I intend to work collaboratively across the NSW Parliament to help progress reform as quickly as possible.

We have a responsibility to stand together, to listen, and to do everything we can to keep people safe.

Waverly Council Bondi Beach closed as Waverley mourns and investigations continue

15 December 2025 

The entire Waverley community mourns this devastating loss of life and horrific display of senseless violence.

This is a senseless, depraved and deplorable terror attack on the Jewish community. To kill and maim innocent attendees at a Jewish event to celebrate one of the most important events on the Jewish calendar, within a suburb known for its proud Jewish community, must be condemned in the strongest terms.

We pray for the victims of this senseless violence and pray for those injured.

Everything possible must be done to protect and support our Jewish community during this time.

Council sends its sincere thanks and gratitude to the enormous number of police and emergency service personnel who responded swiftly to Bondi Beach.

We also commend the extraordinary bravery of community first responders, including surf lifesavers, Council staff and community members, who came to the immediate assistance of some of the wounded.

Many ran towards danger to render first aid and help bystanders shelter. Many have remained at the scene into the night, assisting police and emergency services.

Council will continue to assist NSW Police with their investigation into this attack.

The public are requested not to visit Bondi Beach on Monday. Council will be closing the beach while investigations continue.

Information about NSW Government resources and support: https://www.nsw.gov.au/nsw-government/bondi-beach-attackThis external link will open in a new window

A note from Mayor Will Nemesh:

''This is a despicable and cowardly display of terror targeted at our Waverley community, and in particular our Jewish community.

We grieve and mourn the victims of this violence and pray for all those impacted.

We thank and recognise all those who put their lives on the line to protect innocent civilians today.

As a community, we must stand firm together in solidarity to honour the victims and support each other during this tragic time.''

Mental health support available after Bondi tragedy

Wednesday December 17, 2025

NSW Health is stepping up mental health support for anyone impacted by the tragic incident at Bondi on Sunday 14 December.

A mental health disaster response has been initiated to ensure help is available for anyone who needs it, with trained mental health clinicians working on the ground in Bondi and Coogee.

These mobile clinicians are there from 8am to 8pm wearing hi-vis NSW Health vests to be easily identified by the local community. They will continue to be visible in the Bondi Beach area over the coming days and weeks.

Anyone who is feeling distress is urged to seek support from our mental health clinicians, who can also provide referral to further appropriate services, if required.

The NSW Government has also been working with Jewish House to provide culturally appropriate services, and our partners in the NGO and community mental health sectors to ensure anyone who needs support receives it.

This includes disaster welfare officers, disaster chaplains and Red Cross staff at Coogee who are well-versed in psychological first aid.

NSW Health has boosted existing resources in the local area to ensure the right care is available to those who need it. Members of the Bondi community can access mental health care through:

  • Safe Haven at the Sydney Children's Hospital Randwick is operating extended hours from Monday 15 December to Friday 19 December from 10am to 7.30pm.
  • Headspace Bondi Junction at 20 Bronte Road, Bondi Junction from 9am to 6pm Monday to Thursday and 9am to 5pm Friday.

NSW Health public hospitals remain available for 24/7 mental health support, including Prince of Wales Hospital, St Vincent's Hospital and Sydney Children's Hospital.

The effects of this tragedy are being felt far and wide and the NSW Government strongly encourages anyone who needs help to please reach out for it.

  • NSW Health has increased staff coverage on NSW Health’s dedicated Mental Health Line, to improve the support available 24/7 on 1800 011 511.
  • The Transcultural Mental Health Line (1800 648 911) is available for people from culturally and linguistically diverse communities.

  • If you, or someone in your care, needs crisis support, please call Lifeline on 13 11 14. Children and young people can call Kids Helpline on 1800 55 1800 or chat online at kidshelpline.com.au

Further information on support services for children and adolescents can be found on the NSW Health website. 

For non-crisis support, please talk to your GP or other trusted health or mental health professional. You can also call Beyond Blue for mental health advice and support on 1300 22 4636.

Minister for Health Ryan Park said:

“We have initiated a mental health disaster response in the wake of the horrific incident in Bondi, providing mobile mental health clinicians in the local community.

“As we move past the immediate aftermath of this devastating event, I want to encourage anyone who is feeling distressed, anxious, or angry, to please seek support.

“We have stepped up support with more resources for our existing mental health care services, to ensure help is freely available to anyone who wants it.”

Minister for Mental Health Rose Jackson said:

“What happened in Bondi has shaken so many people right across Sydney and New South Wales.

“Whether you were there, know someone who was, or you’re feeling distressed by what you’ve seen online and in the news, it’s ok to not be ok.

“We are making free support available to anyone who needs it through our dedicated team of mental health clinicians in Bondi and Coogee, and boosting resources for existing services like headspace, Safe Haven, NSW Health’s Mental Health Line, or Lifeline.”

NSW Health Chief Psychiatrist Dr Murray Wright stated:

“I extend my deepest sympathies to the families, friends and loved ones of those who died and were injured at Bondi Beach.

“It is really important people be mindful about taking care of their mental health over the coming days and weeks following this traumatic event.

“Everyone deals with serious trauma differently and processes in their own way. A range of feelings are a normal part of processing a trauma, so don’t be afraid to talk about what you’re going through.

We strongly encourage anyone who needs help to please reach out for it. We have mental health clinicians in the Bondi community ready to help and a range of mental health supports available if you call NSW Health’s 24/7 dedicated Mental Health Line on 1800 011 511

Interfaith Memorial Service

At the official memorial on Wednesday night, December 17,  at St Mary's Cathedral in Sydney, Anglican Archbishop of Sydney, Kanishka Raffel, was first in the line of religious leaders lighting the fifteen candles honouring the Bondi victims. He stepped aside to allow the man next to him, the one with a security guard, to light the first candle. That man was Amir Maimon, the Israeli ambassador.

Australian Prime Minister, The Hon. Anthony Albanese: Interfaith Memorial Service - Address:

Your Grace, Archbishop Anthony Fisher, the Premier of New South Wales, Christopher Minns, Rabbi Ben Elton, interfaith leaders, the Governor of New South Wales, members of the diplomatic corps, including Ambassador Amir Maimon of Israel.

Tonight, as we gather in one iconic Sydney location, we mourn the devastation inflicted at another.

At this Cathedral dedicated to our Catholic faith, we grieve for all those who were killed affirming their faith.

Jewish Australians deliberately targeted on the first night of Chanukah.

As they came together at that beautiful place to renew their hope, their resilience, their belief in the power of light, the darkness of terror and antisemitism was cast upon them.

Our prayers this evening are for the souls of the innocent people whose lives were so cruelly and violently stolen away at Bondi Beach that Sunday evening.

We pray with those who knew and loved them. Including, I know, the family of Rabbi Eli, who was farewelled today.

Everyone who has lost the centre of their universe.

The love of their life.

Their pride and joy.

We grieve for the light and laughter and strength and comfort that so many have lost.

We grieve for everyone denied their future – and we grieve with everyone who would have shared in their happiness.

We pray that those being treated for their injuries recover.

We reflect with gratitude on the bravery and skill of the police and first responders, who saved lives.

And we offer our thanks for the courage and selflessness of everyday Australians.

People who – in a moment of deadly danger – did not hesitate to run to the aid of strangers.

To shield, shelter or comfort people fleeing in fear.

Ordinary people, demonstrating extraordinary courage.

Including the remarkable actions of Ahmed Al Ahmed, who put himself in the line of fire wrestling a gun away from one of the shooters.

People he has never met, owe him their lives.

We pray for the souls of Boris and Sofia Gurman and Reuven Morrison, murdered while bravely protecting others.

Our nation owes them – and all the heroes of Bondi – a profound debt of gratitude.

Not just for their bravery – but also for their example.

For reminding us that the worst of times, we see the best of the Australian character.

There was pure evil at Bondi on Sunday.

Yet even in that moment we were given proof that evil will never overcome the courage, decency, compassion and kindness of Australians.

That is central to the character of who we are. Our nation is stronger than the cowards who seek to divide us.

The spirit of the country that we have built together will always be greater than those who seek to breach it.

We are braver than the people who try to make us afraid.

We will not be divided.

We will come together, as we are this evening – and we will come through this together.

Friends, this place is where I learned about the love and compassion of Christ.

I commenced school here in Year 5 and for the next eight years I was nurtured here, as a student, as a boy maturing into a young man and as an altar boy in the Guild of St Stephen.

I was raised to believe in the duty we owe to the vulnerable – not as a question of charity, but as the measure of our common humanity.

When we go in peace today, let us carry the hope of this place in our hearts.

For those of us celebrating the birth of Jesus Christ in just over one week, let us live up to his example of love to our neighbours.

Let us wrap our arms around the Jewish community.

And with our words and our deeds, make it clear, you are Australian – and all Australians stand with you.

No matter which faith we worship or whether we have no faith at all, we stand with Jewish Australians.

You have every right to worship and study and work and live in peace and safety.

You have every right to be proud of who you are – and proud of the remarkable contribution your community has made to Sydney and to modern Australia, over generations.

Sunday was a dark day for our nation.

Tonight, as we illuminate this Cathedral, let us ensure Australia remains a land of light.

A nation blessed and enriched and strengthened and inspired by every faith.

And in the days ahead, may your faith comfort you, may it sustain you, may it lift you up and surround you with the love and nurture of others.

NSW Premier Chris Minns, stated after the Wednesday December 17, 2025, Memorial Service

''Tonight we were meant to congregate at St Mary's Cathedral to celebrate Christmas – and the coming of joy and hope to the world.

Instead we came together united in grief, to stand alongside the Jewish community of New South Wales and to say clearly and without hesitation that you are not alone.

The purpose of this evil attack was to frighten us and to isolate us. It was designed to divide Australian against Australian.

But seeing the spirit here tonight, there is no doubt in my mind that these terrorists have failed.   

It will fail because of the strength of Australians, a strength shaped by our shared values, our respect for faith and an unbreakable commitment to one another, whether we know each other or not.''

NSW Premier Chris Minns - top: The Hon. Anthony Albanese, Prime Minister of Australia also attended. Photos: NSW Government

One Mitzvah for Bondi - NSW Faith Affairs Council

Friday December 19 2025

The Bondi terrorist attack has had an immense impact on our community, especially our Jewish community. The following day the NSW Faith Affairs Council held an emergency session to bring together faith leaders and show our unambiguous support for our Jewish brothers and sisters.

This expanded Faith Affairs Council was joined by two Jewish leaders Rabbi Nochum Schapiro of Chabad House and Rabbi Benjamin Elton of the Great Synagogue.

When asked what our faith communities could do to help the Jewish community Rabbi Nochum Schapiro responded with two requests.

One, to stand with our Jewish community and show unambiguous support.

And two, do one mitzvah. An act of kindness or charity. To bring some light into the world.

In light of the Rabbi’s response, the Faith Affairs Council with support from the Minns Government is launching the #OneMitzvahforBondi campaign.

Asking all Australians to undertake one act of kindness, compassion or charity, and to share their good deed with the wider community. You can do this through:

  • Volunteering
  • Donating
  • Giving blood
  • Calling someone you haven't spoken to in a while
  • Buying a neighbour a coffee
  • Supporting those in need.

Please share your good deed, by using #OneMitzvahforBondi or visit: nsw.gov.au/onemitzvah

One Mitzvah for Bondi is an initiative of the NSW Faith Affairs Council.

Chair of the NSW Faith Affairs Council Right Rev Dr Michael Stead, of the Anglican Church of Australia said:

“At the core of our faith communities is a commitment to love and compassion.

“The NSW Faith Affairs Council encourages everyone to take part in the One Mitzvah for Bondi campaign, to spread warmth and kindness to our fellow Australians.

“I would like to sincerely thank our Jewish leaders for their grace and guidance during this unfathomable period of grief.”

President of the Rabbinical Council of NSW Rabbi Shua Solomon said:

“This unspeakable horror has touched every Jew and every Australian. Our only response to this profound darkness can be with light.

“We ask every Australian to honour the memory of our lost not only with words but with action, unity and faith - by doing good.”

Minister for Multiculturalism Steve Kamper said:

“In the face of this terrible atrocity our Jewish community have responded with remarkable kindness and compassion.

“This call to action is the remedy our heartbroken city requires at this time. It can be something as small as calling in on a neighbour, or an act of service like helping out at a food kitchen or donating blood.

“Every single one of us has an obligation to build the world we want to live in. Now is a time for us to unite, first and foremost, as fellow Australians.”

Members of the NSW Faith Affairs Council on Monday, December 15. Photo: NSW Government

Honouring the victims of the Bondi Beach terrorist attack

Friday December 19 2025

The Federal and NSW Governments have declared Sunday 21 December a Day of Reflection to honour the victims of the horrific terrorist attack at Bondi Beach and to stand in solidarity with the Jewish community.

The Commonwealth and State government will also work closely with the Jewish community on arrangements for a National Day of Mourning to be held in the New Year. This will allow families the time and space to lay their loved ones to rest and to support those still recovering.

The Day of Reflection will be observed on the final full day of Chanukah, a time traditionally associated with light, faith and resilience, making the loss felt by the Jewish community even more profound. All Australians share in their grief.

On Sunday, flags on Australian and NSW Government buildings will be flown at half-mast as a mark of respect for the lives lost and the grief shared across the country.

We invite people across the country to light a candle at 6:47pm, one week since the attack unfolded, as a quiet act of remembrance with family, friends or loved ones. We are also asking Australians to observe a minute of silence.

This day is about standing with the Jewish community, wrapping our arms around them, and sharing their grief as one state.

It is a moment to pause, reflect, and affirm that hatred and violence will never define who we are.

The Day will include a number of ways to help the state reflect:

  • Buildings will light up yellow for the evening.
  • Light will beam into the sky from Bondi Pavilion
  • NSW Government will support Jewish leaders to deliver a community memorial event
  • Television and radio networks will be asked to pause for a minute’s silence at 6.47pm.

A shareable candle image, will be used to pledge support for Jewish Australians. This will be available on nsw.gov.au

The NSW Government has also partnered with Rotary to establish a dedicated fundraising appeal for the Bondi Beach attack.

The Unite for Bondi - Bondi Terror Attack Appeal will provide support to the survivors and families of those who lost their lives. People who wish to donate can do so via rawcs.org.au

Supports are available for everyone impacted by this attack. Information is at www.nsw.gov.au/bondibeachattack 

Sydney Opera House Monday December 15 2025 - NSW Premier Chris Minns decided the SOH should be lit with candles on the Menorah, marking the second day of Chanukah. Photo: NSW Government

NSW Government to act to protect community safety following terrorist attack

Friday December 19, 20925

The NSW Government has announced it will move to restrict the authorisation of public assemblies in designated areas following a terrorist incident, to protect the community, prevent intimidation and allow police to focus on keeping people safe.

The NSW Parliament will be recalled on Monday 22 December in the afternoon and Tuesday 23 December, the only items of business will be a condolence motion and legislation arising from the Bondi incident.

The reforms follow the terrorist attack at Bondi Beach last week, which claimed the lives of 15 innocent people, and build on the powers already activated under NSW’s counter-terrorism laws.

When a terrorist incident is formally declared under the Terrorism (Police Powers) Act 2002, the Police Commissioner or Deputy Police Commissioner, with the agreement of the Minister for Police, will be able to declare specific areas where public assemblies are restricted for a limited period (a Public Assembly Restriction Declaration).

These powers are designed to ensure that members of the community are not intimidated or fear for their safety, and to minimise risks to community safety, in the immediate aftermath of an attack.

A declaration may be made in specified areas where police determine public gatherings may be likely to cause a reasonable person to fear harassment, intimidation or violence or put community safety at risk, including the safety of those attending a gathering.

Once a declaration is made:

  • No public assemblies in the designated area will be able to be authorised, including by a court.
  • Police will have access to existing powers to move people on where their behaviour or presence causes harassment or intimidation or obstructs traffic.

A strong signal will be sent to the community that assembling in public spaces in a designated area is unsafe and discouraged.

These measures are targeted. A declaration will last for 14 days and can be extended by further periods of 14 days, for up to three months.

Importantly, the powers are not designed to stop quiet reflection, prayer or peaceful gatherings that are not likely to cause fear or safety concerns. The restrictions and powers also do not apply to industrial action and associated assemblies.

Police move-on powers will only apply where behaviour causes harassment or intimidation or obstructs traffic.

Building on strong action against hate

The new measures sit alongside a suite of laws already passed by the NSW Government to confront rising hate and antisemitism, including:

  • A tough new offence for inciting racial hatred;
  • New protections for places of worship, including strong penalties and increased powers for police; and
  • Laws banning the public display of Nazi symbols on or near synagogues, Jewish schools or the Sydney Jewish Museum.

The Government will continue working with police, community leaders and legal experts to ensure the reforms are effective, lawful and focused on keeping people safe.

Premier of New South Wales Chris Minns said:

“This was a targeted terrorist attack that has shaken our state and devastated the Jewish community. The scale of harm demands a response that is decisive, sustained and unequivocal.

“Our first responsibility as a government is to protect people.

“There is a time for debate and protest in a democracy – but there is also a time for calm, care and unity. After an act of terror, public safety must come first.

“These reforms are about protecting people at a time of real vulnerability. They are about ensuring grief is respected, fear is not weaponised, and police can focus on keeping communities safe.

“These powers are proportionate. They are not about suppressing views – they are about preventing intimidation, escalation and violence.”

Attorney General Michael Daley said:

“We are protecting social cohesion by limiting public assemblies which risk inflaming community tensions following a terrorist attack.

“There are clear risks associated with large gatherings after the awful events at Bondi, and we do not want police resources unnecessarily diverted from the investigation to manage public assemblies.

“This is a targeted, time-limited measure which will give NSW Police the tools they need to ensure the safety and wellbeing of the community.”

NSW Government to introduce toughest gun law reforms in a generation

On the same date, the NSW Government announced it will introduce tough new laws into NSW Parliament to significantly tighten gun laws and reduce the risk of mass violence, following the devastating terrorist attack at Bondi Beach.

The reforms respond directly to lessons from the attack, where the offender brought multiple firearms into a public place, and are designed to limit access to high-risk weapons, strengthen oversight and put community safety first.

If passed these reforms will ensure that NSW has the toughest laws in the country when it comes to firearms.

The new laws will include:

  • Capping and restricting the number and types of firearms:
  • Imposing a cap of four firearms per individual, with strict exemptions for primary producers and sports shooters, who may hold a maximum of 10 firearms.
  • Reclassifying straight-pull/pump-action and button/lever release firearms into Category C, limiting their access primarily to primary producers.
  • Reducing magazine capacity for Category A and B firearms to a maximum of five to ten rounds, from a current unlimited capacity.
  • Introducing a complete ban on firearms that can use belt-fed magazines.

Strengthening firearms licence checks and accountability:

  • Removing the NSW Civil and Administrative Tribunal (NCAT) review pathway, ensuring we can use sensitive police intelligence without concern that a decision will be overturned by a tribunal, while retaining a robust internal review process to ensure fairness and accountability.
  • Reducing standard firearms licence terms from five years to two years, increasing the frequency of safety and suitability checks.
  • Restricting firearms licences to Australian citizens only, with a carve out for New Zealand permanent residents engaged in roles such as primary production or security.
  • Replace a current exemption allowing unlicensed shooting at shooting ranges with a robust NSWPF permit system to suitably assess unlicensed individuals before they access firearms.

Strengthening oversight, storage and compliance:

  • Making gun club membership mandatory for all firearms licence holders, with the ability to exempt certain licence holders in the regulations.
  • Requiring all gun clubs to use the GunSafe online platform to improve record-keeping, compliance and traceability of club membership and activities.
  • Making safe storage inspections mandatory prior to the issue of a first permit to acquire a firearm, individuals will now need to meet the safe keeping requirements before obtaining a permit to acquire a firearm.
  • Prevent any permit or licence holder from acquiring a firearm unless the Commissioner is satisfied that they meet safe keeping requirements. Police may conduct an inspection for this purpose.
  • Tightening rules around deceased estates, requiring firearms licence holders to nominate alternative storage arrangements for safe keeping of their firearms in the event of their death when applying for, or renewing, their licence. Police will also be able to seize these firearms, if required.

In addition to new legislation, the Government will move quickly on a range of practical changes, including:

  • Expanding disqualifying offences in the regulations, including personal and domestic violence offences within the Crimes (Domestic and Personal Violence) Act 2007.
  • Increasing the use of criminal intelligence in firearms licensing decisions.
  • A comprehensive audit of existing firearms licences, prioritising higher-risk cases, noting that licence holders will now be subject to scrutiny on reapplication every two years, instead of five years.

A comprehensive buyback scheme will accompany these changes:

  • These reforms will be paired with a buyback scheme, with further details to be announced before the changes are in force, in line the announcement by the Commonwealth Government.
  • The NSW buyback scheme will be operated and funded in partnership with the Federal Government and AFP, to encourage gun owners to hand back guns that will now no longer be legal, to be destroyed.
  • Existing unregistered firearms are already captured by the permanent national firearms amnesty and should be surrendered through that scheme.

The NSW Government will move to control access to all dangerous weapons - not just guns:

  • Consultation will commence around whether further knives or bladed articles should be made prohibited weapons under the Weapons Prohibition Act 1998, as well as how knives are stored in retail settings.

NSW Premier Chris Minns said:

“Gun reform alone will not solve hatred or extremism, but we can’t fail to act on restricting access to weapons which could lead to further violence against our citizens.

“We cannot undo what happened in Bondi, but we can act decisively to reduce the risk of this ever happening again.

“These reforms are about one thing: protecting people.”

Minister for Police and Counter-terrorism Yasmin Catley said:

“These reforms are about putting the safety of the community above all else.

“Owning a firearm is a privilege, not a right and we are balancing that privilege with the overwhelming need for public safety.

“Our strong legislation reduces risk and increases oversight around firearms ownership with the aim of making this state safer for all.” 

Greens MP and Spokesperson for Justice Sue Higginson said:

“The guns used to inflict the horrifying anti-Semitic killings and violence on Bondi beach should never have been in the hands of the hate fuelled depraved shooters and the fact that they were, is a failing of our gun laws and their implementation,

“The Premier has identified reforms to enable greater consideration of intelligence by police when licensing firearms. What he has not mentioned is that the Firearms Act already provides for consideration of criminal intelligence, but it has been limited in its application. Police need to be able to undertake and rely upon a broad range of intelligence from all intelligence agencies when we are talking about gun safety,

“The organisations working to curb gun violence have put forward an evidence-based plan to ensure some of the world’s tightest gun laws in the wake of this horror, and it’s time for us as lawmakers to unify around these reforms,

“Now is the time to heed the advice of experts, advocates and survivors and rule out recreational hunting as a genuine reason to own a firearm. We must not forget that we came very close in NSW this year to relaxing our laws around recreational hunting. It was the work of the experts and the community who stopped this,

“It’s essential that we outlaw political donations from the gun lobby. Public policymaking on an issue as serious as gun reform cannot be affixed to politics or political donations in any way,

“It is very concerning that the gun lobby and their allies are using racism to obfuscate the failures of gun control and laws in this moment, which is exactly what we see in America. Australia is not America and we cannot go down America’s path in our rhetoric or our law,

“The Greens stand willing to work with the Government and the Opposition to pass world-leading strong gun law reform through the NSW Parliament,

“In the wake of the Port Arthur Massacre we came together and walked in the right direction on gun restrictions, and now is the moment that all sides of politics must unify to walk in the right direction again,

“Of course we must also tackle antisemitism and extremism at its root, but the reality is that anti-Semites have used guns to murder innocent people. Removing those guns is the most immediate action we can take to curb violent extremism.”

NSW Government to crack down further on hateful symbols and slogans

On Saturday December 20 2025 the NSW Government announced it will introduce new laws banning hateful symbols and giving police greater powers to remove face coverings during public assemblies.

At the same time, the Government will urgently examine additional measures to further crack down on hateful slogans, it stated.

''On Monday, legislation will be introduced making it an offence under NSW law to publicly display terrorist symbols such as ISIS flags without a reasonable excuse.

The offence will carry a maximum penalty of two years’ imprisonment or a $22,000 fine and up to $110,000 for organisations. A reasonable excuse includes for an academic purpose or for another purpose in the public interest.

The legislation will also give police more powers to require someone suspected of committing an offence during a public assembly to remove their face covering. Currently, removal can only be required to confirm someone’s identity if they are arrested and detained or suspected of committing an indictable offence.

This change will lower the threshold during public assemblies so anyone suspected of committing any offence, including lower-level offences, can be required to remove their face covering.

Horrific recent events also show that the chant “globalise the intifada” is hate speech and encouraging of violence in our community. This chant will be banned alongside other hateful statements used to vilify and intimidate our community.

The Attorney General will ask the Legislative Assembly Committee on Law and Safety to conduct a quick investigation into other hateful statements and recommend which statements can be specifically included in the state’s tough hate speech laws to be introduced when parliament returns in the new year.'' the government said in a release

''These reforms are designed to protect the community, prevent intimidation and allow NSW Police to focus on keeping people safe.

It follows changes announced this week to significantly tighten gun laws and temporarily restrict public assemblies following a terrorist attack.''

Chris Minns, Premier of New South Wales said:

“Hate speech or incitement of hatred has no place in our society.

“There is no place in New South Wales for slogans or symbols that incite hatred, glorify violence or intimidate communities. These laws send a clear message that hateful conduct will not be tolerated.

“These changes, alongside tougher gun laws and temporary restrictions on public assemblies following a terrorist incident, are about protecting the community, and allowing NSW Police to focus on preventing harm.”

Michael Daley, Attorney General said:

“There is no place for any kind of hateful symbols or speech in NSW.

“We must tackle this scourge in all its forms including inflammatory and divisive symbols and slogans which cause real fear to vulnerable communities.

“This Government is determined to do whatever is necessary to ensure community safety and cohesion after the horrific events at Bondi.”

Statement on behalf of the family of Jack Hibbert, probationary constable injured during Bondi shooting

Wednesday, 17 December 2025 

On the 14th of December, Jack Hibbert was shot while fulfilling his role as a police officer at Bondi Beach.

While serving and protecting the community, Jack sustained two bullet wounds - one to his head and another to his shoulder. Jack was on duty, patrolling the Hanukkah celebration interacting with the community at Bondi Beach, when the incident first occurred.

Jack was taken to ICU where he was intubated and underwent multiple surgeries. Although miraculously surviving, Jack's injuries have resulted in a loss of vision in one of his eyes and he now faces a long and challenging recovery ahead, with additional surgeries required.

Jack is just 22 years old and has only been in the police force for four months. Even so, in the face of a violent and tragic incident, he responded with courage, instinct, and selflessness, continuing to protect and help others whilst injured, until he was physically no longer able to.

Jack was simply doing his job - a job he deeply loves - driven by a commitment to protect the community, even at great personal cost.

Many of his colleagues who were present on the night of the incident have visited in hospital and given testaments to Jack's bravery during the incident, describing his devotion to his community. They described how Jack acted, he moved toward people in need, not away from danger, and continued helping others while seriously injured.

The support from the police force and hospital staff has been unmatched and we are beyond grateful. We thank the wider community for their kindness, support, and prayers for Jack and our family during this difficult time.

We ask all to respect our privacy as we move through these next stages to support Jack and all his needs to a full recovery.

Jack Hibbert, a proud Narrabeen local and new probationary Constable, was shot twice while bravely serving at the Hanukkah festival. For two decades, the Hibbert family has poured their hearts into Cafe Driftwood, a cherished beachside gathering place.

Jack was taken to ICU where he was intubated and underwent multiple surgeries. Although miraculously surviving, Jack's injuries have resulted in a loss of vision in one of his eyes and he now faces a long and challenging recovery ahead, with additional surgeries required.

Fundraiser for Jack to help with recovery: www.gofundme.com/f/qwjug-jack-hibbert

Media Statement – Bondi and Nth Bondi Volunteer Lifesavers Requesting Privacy

Wednesday 17 December 2025

Surf Life Saving NSW is grateful for the support the media has given to our volunteers in the wake of the horrific mass shooting at Bondi Beach on Sunday evening. 

It is a lifesaver’s natural instinct to help the community in times of need, and the stories of heroism from members of the public who are volunteers within the movement have been a beacon of light during a very dark time. 

As you can appreciate, these volunteers remain traumatised by the events and as such, are requesting privacy at this time. 

Please direct all media enquiries through the Surf Life Saving NSW Media Team at media@surflifesaving.com.au or 0405 203 764. PLEASE DO NOT attempt to contact individual surf lifesavers with requests. 

We will work with you to find an appropriate spokesperson for your request and thank you for your understanding. 

If you would like to provide some very practical support to both clubs, feel free to publish the link to our fundraising appeal to re-supply first aid and rescue equipment and give ongoing support to the lifesavers affected by this traumatic event.  

The public can donate at https://slsfoundation.com.au/campaign/bondi 

All funds raised will go directly to both the Bondi and North Bondi Surf Life Saving Clubs

Shoulder to Shoulder on Beaches Across Australia

Saturday December 20, 2025

Before the first patrols of the day at beaches around the country, thousands of lifesavers and lifeguards lined beaches and paused for a silent reflection, acknowledging the profound loss in the wake of the Bondi terror attack.

Standing shoulder to shoulder, first responders stood in solidarity with all those affected, those who lost their lives, those who were injured, those who worked to save lives, and the families, friends, and community forever changed by this tragedy.

At Bondi Beach, more than 1000 lifesavers and lifeguards formed a long line on the water’s edge, covering the length of the beach, creating an extraordinary demonstration of unity and strength. It was also a fitting affirmation that the beach remains a place of connection, life, and community.

On Friday, both Bondi and Nth Bondi surf clubs were fully re-stocked with first aid equipment and new rescue boards, replacing supplies that were completely exhausted in the initial response to the attack last Sunday.  

To help with this, a fundraising appeal has been supported by many generous public donors and will be supplemented by the government. Funds raised go towards the cost of equipment replacement and the ongoing welfare support for volunteers who have been impacted. https://slsfoundation.com.au/campaign/bondi

Warriewood SLSC, Saturday December 20 2025:

''The Warriewood Surf Life Saving Club stands united in paying tribute to those impacted by the Bondi tragedy. 

We offer our condolences to those who have lost loved ones, wish the injured a swift recovery, and send our support to the families whose lives have been forever changed. 

We condemn racism and stand in solidarity with the Jewish community during this time of grief.''

16 dead, 40 injured following public place shooting - Bondi

Monday, 15 December 2025 06:37:21 AM: NSW Police

Police are continuing to investigate a mass shooting that resulted in 16 people dying and 40 people being injured in Sydney’s east yesterday evening.

About 6.40pm (Sunday 14 December 2025), emergency services were called to Bondi Beach, following reports of a public place shooting.

Officers attached to Eastern Suburbs Police Area Command, surrounding commands and specialist police immediately responded and located two men using long arms to fire into crowds of people.

Multiple officers exchanged fire with the two men with two officers – a constable and probationary constable – suffering gunshot wounds.

During the incident one shooter – a 50-year-old man – was shot by police and died at the scene.

The other shooter – a 24-year-old man – suffered critical injuries and was taken to hospital under police guard.

As a result of the incident 14 people died at the scene and 42 people – including four children – were taken to hospitals across Sydney.

Police have since been told two other people – a 10-year-old girl and a 40-year-old man – have since died in hospital.

Those who died are yet to be formally identified; however, police believe their ages range between 10 and 87-years-old.

Five people remain in critical conditions with the others remaining in serious and stable conditions.

Both officers remain in serious but stable conditions.

A significant crime scene has been established closing Bondi Beach and surrounding roads, and detectives from the Joint Counter Terrorism Team have commenced an investigation into the incident.

Following initial inquiries, detectives have located and seized three firearms from the scene. They will all undergo forensic examination.

Investigations are continuing.

Police seek vision from Bondi Beach shooting

Sunday, 14 December 2025 09:28:05 PM

Police are now appealing for anyone in the Bondi Beach area with mobile phone or dashcam vision relevant to this incident to upload at the below link, https://nswpf.au.evidence.com/axon/community-request/public/bondibeach14122025

It can also be provided anonymously via Crime Stoppers, https://nsw.crimestoppers.com.au

Information is managed on a confidential basis. The public is reminded not to report information via NSW Police social media pages.

Anyone with information about this incident is urged to contact Crime Stoppers: 1800 333 000 or  https://nsw.crimestoppers.com.au

Bondi gunman formally charged by NSW Joint Counter Terrorism Team

Wednesday, 17 December 2025: NSW Police Statement

The NSW Joint Counter Terrorism Team has formally charged a 24-year-old man alleged to be one of two gunmen responsible for the Bondi Beach mass shooting that claimed the lives of 15 people.

About 6.40pm on Sunday 14 December 2025, emergency services were called to Bondi Beach following reports of a public place shooting.

Officers attached to Eastern Suburbs Police Area Command, surrounding commands, and specialist police responded and located two men using long arms to fire into crowds of people.

Multiple officers exchanged fire with the gunmen, and two officers – a constable and probationary constable – suffered gunshot wounds.

During the incident, one gunman – a 50-year-old man – was shot by police and died at the scene.

The second gunman – his 24-year-old son – suffered critical injuries and was taken to hospital under police guard.

Fifteen people died during the attack, with 41 people – including four children – taken to hospital.

There are currently 20 patients continuing to receive care across several Sydney hospitals.

Those who died are still in the process of being formally identified; however, police believe their ages range between 10 and 87.

Of the two injured officers, the constable is in a critical but stable condition, while the probationary constable is in a stable condition.

NSW Police Commissioner Mal Lanyon APM declared the incident terror related, and the investigation was referred to the NSW Joint Counter Terrorism Team (JCCT) under Operation Arques.

The NSW JCTT comprises members from the NSW Police Force, Australian Federal Police, Australian Security Intelligence Organisation and the NSW Crime Commission.

Following extensive inquiries under Operation Arques, today (Wednesday 17 December), JCTT investigators attended a hospital where they charged a 24-year-old Bonnyrigg man with 59 offences, including:

  • - Commit terrorist act
  • - 15 counts of murder
  • - 40 counts of cause wounding/grievous bodily harm to person with intent to murder
  • - Discharge firearm etc intend cause grievous bodily harm
  • - Cause public display of prohibited terrorist org symbol
  • - Place explosive in/near building with intent cause harm

He remains in hospital under police guard to face Bail Division Local Court 7 via AVL today.

AFP statement about fake social media posts

The Australian Federal Police is aware there are social media posts that have used AI to distort and change the comments of AFP Commissioner Krissy Barrett in relation to the alleged Bondi Beach terror attack.

All statements made by Commissioner Barrett are published on the AFP website. The AFP recommends the public seek information from official websites.

AFP Commissioner Krissy Barrett: Op Arques media conference statement – 20 December, 2025

Today I will provide a brief update on Operation Arques.

A 24-year-old man charged with 59 offences remains in custody in a NSW hospital.

The NSW Joint Counter Terrorism Team continues to review evidence and information, including from search warrants conducted as recently as yesterday.

The location of the search warrants will not be made public but let me reassure Australians that we are leaving no stone unturned in Australia and overseas in this investigation.

There are three clear priorities for the AFP and our partners through the JCTT:

  • We will ensure we prepare a thorough and fulsome brief of evidence to prosecute the alleged offender now before the courts;
  • We will identify the methods, capability and connections of these alleged offenders to determine who the alleged offenders communicated with leading up to the attack; and
  • We will use this information to cast a wider net to identify others – who may not be directly linked to this investigation – but should be under the attention of law enforcement and intelligence agencies.

At the recent INTERPOL General Assembly, I spoke to Police Commissioners about antisemitism and how to fight this sickening scourge that eats at our country like a cancer.

I will ensure we have pulled ever single lever we can to protect our Jewish community – and this week I revealed those described as hate preachers are being investigated and have been for some time by the AFP.

It is clear some of these preachers have hired lawyers to ensure they do not reach the threshold to be charged for hate speech and other crimes.

It is clear some of these preachers know exactly what they are doing – and are clearly trying to cause fear and division.

The announcement this week to lower the threshold for hate speech will give the AFP greater scope to deter and charge individuals who are injecting and directing poisonous language towards the Jewish community. 

Operation Avalite, which is now wrapped into our expanded National Security Investigations Teams, continues to monitor the language used by these preachers and we do not rule out charges under the current legislation.

Since the commencement of Operation Avalite 12 months ago, our teams have received crucial training in antisemitism, which has helped us in our investigations.  This training is ongoing and will be a key feature of our expanded National Security Investigations teams.

In addition, our Community Liaison Teams continue to engage with the Jewish community to understand their perspectives and feelings, and to offer reassurance of our commitment to their safety and security.

I want to thank senior Jewish leaders for their time whenever we have requested it.  They have been generous and I personally want to thank them for the guidance they have provided me.

Thank you.

After mass violence, trauma spreads socially. Here are 3 ways you can help reduce it

Tara-Lyn Camilleri, Monash University

After mass violence such as the Bondi beach terrorist attack on Sunday, distress does not stop with those directly affected.

Fear, anger and uncertainty spread through media and social networks. This can intensify harm for survivors and targeted communities.

People closest to an event are often supported by services and community. But the wider public also shapes what happens next.

Here are three ways you can help reduce secondary harm.

A ripple effect

Research on disasters and mass violence shows distress can ripple beyond those directly affected.

For many people it’s real but temporary, while a smaller proportion develop longer lasting symptoms. Human threat detection systems evolved to respond quickly to danger, prioritising survival over nuance.

When threat systems activate, they mobilise the body and narrow focus. You may feel on high alert, lose sleep, have intrusive thoughts or images, feel irritable, or feel driven to seek information and certainty. These responses say nothing about a person’s strength. They’re common patterns from a nervous system experiencing uncertainty, though people’s responses vary widely in intensity.

The feeling of threat also spreads socially. Humans are sensitive to others’ emotions, especially in unclear situations. After terror attacks such as the one in Bondi, people look to others for cues about what’s happening, who’s at risk, and what to do. This can steady people, but it can also amplify fear.

Modern crises are further shaped by media exposure. Research shows heavy exposure to mass violence coverage is linked with higher short-term stress and post-traumatic stress symptoms.

This can even show up in people not directly involved. Distress can lead to repeatedly checking the news, and news coverage can in turn prolong distress. Either way, frequent replay can keep threat responses switched on long after the immediate danger has passed.

Distance matters

Distance from an event isn’t just geographic. It includes what you saw or heard, perceived ongoing risk, and how close the event feels through your community or identity group.

For survivors and bereaved families, the early phase is often dominated by shock, grief and practical demands. Coping may look less like emotional “processing” and more like survival through hours that feel unreal.

Witnesses, first responders and locals may develop place-based fear, where familiar places start to feel dangerous. Communities who feel targeted can experience a shared sense of threat. In those cases, being on high alert reflects an understandable change in their sense of safety.

Remote observers are not immune. Vivid imagery and emotionally charged discussion can trigger the body’s threat response, even from a distance. The nervous system shifts into fight or flight mode, but there’s no direct action to take and no clear endpoint.

Rumours, rage and scapegoating

Under threat, uncertainty itself becomes stressful. Clear stories feel safer than unresolved ones, even when facts are incomplete. This makes people more likely to spread rumours after attacks.

Research suggests being exposed to rumours during crises is linked to higher distress, which can drive more searching for information and create a feedback loop.

Early false claims can still stick emotionally after correction, because high stress strengthens emotional memory. Social media accelerates these dynamics. On many platforms, fast, emotionally charged content tends to travel further than slow, verified corrections, because most platforms reward engagement more than accuracy.

For example, a Sydney man named Naveed Akram, who was falsely accused online of being one of the alleged Bondi beach gunmen, was targeted with abuse, and became afraid to leave home.

Artificial intelligence (AI) tools can add further confusion. For example, X’s chatbot Grok misidentified a bystander who disarmed one attacker, and mislabelled verified footage of the attack. This serves as a reminder that confident AI outputs can be wrong in fast-moving crises.

Outrage spreads for similar reasons. Anger can focus fear and reduce helplessness. For those directly affected, it may support survival. For those at a distance, it can become performative or inflaming, especially when rewarded with attention.

Scapegoating is another common response – blaming a whole group for one person’s actions. Under high stress, focus can narrow and complex explanations can be harder to think through.

Blame can feel empowering because it reduces uncertainty, making scapegoating more likely. But it can increase risk for innocent people and deepen fear for targeted communities, adding secondary harm.

Reducing secondary harm

Disaster psychology separates the event itself from the conditions that shape recovery. Those conditions include safety, trust, connection and manageable exposure.

Psychological first aid, widely used in disaster response, focuses on reducing the feeling of being overwhelmed, strengthening social support, and connecting people to reliable information and services.

These principles don’t just apply to individuals – they also apply at a population level when it comes to what we see and share online.

There are three evidence-based ways the wider public can help:

1. Reduce unwanted exposure. Repeated sharing of graphic footage can worsen distress for survivors and families and heighten fear in targeted communities. Avoid reposting graphic content where possible. Before sharing, ask: is this verified and necessary, or just amplifying fear?

2. Slow down information. Early information is often incomplete. Prioritise verification over speed to reduce false claims that can fuel fear long after correction.

3. Avoid group blame. Condemning violence doesn’t require suspicion of whole groups. Scapegoating breaks trust and increases risk, undermining recovery for everyone.

The Bondi beach terror attack aimed to spread fear beyond its victims. With these steps, we can help fight it and ensure the community heals after such horror.The Conversation

Tara-Lyn Camilleri, Transgenerational Effects Researcher, Monash University

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

If you witnessed the Bondi Hanukkah attack, here’s what you might be going through

Chelsea Arnold, Monash University; Kathleen de Boer, Swinburne University of Technology, and Toni Pikoos, Swinburne University of Technology

Many hundreds of people were at Bondi beach on Sunday when 50-year-old Sajid Akram and his 24-year-old son Naveed Akram opened fire on a Hanukkah celebration, killing 15 people.

Many witnesses saw people be seriously injured or die. These experiences are considered traumatic events, even when you don’t know the person who was harmed.

While some people will be able to process such events with some coping strategies, others will will find their extreme distress impacts their mental health.

If you witnessed the Bondi Hanukkah attack, here’s what you might be going through – and when you might need additional support.

Traumatic events impact us differently

People who witnessed the attacks may be affected in different ways.

Factors that make people more vulnerable to traumatic responses, such as extreme distress or mental health challenges, include:

What you might be experiencing

In the immediate aftermath of a traumatic event, it’s normal for people to have heightened emotions. Some people might feel upset or overwhelmed, or experience a low mood.

People might feel very fearful or anxious, and feel they need to constantly check their environment for signs of threat.

Witnessing or experiencing traumatic events can impact your ability to complete everyday tasks. People may feel disorientated or have intrusive thoughts about the event. These experiences can change over time and vary from day to day.

While these responses can be distressing and disruptive, they’re our brain’s attempt to make sense of what we experienced. Our brains are designed to keep us safe, so after a threat to our safety, it makes sense we’re on high alert.

What to do in the weeks after a traumatic event

Social and emotional support tends to be the most helpful option for most people to get through and reduce the impact of traumatic events. So lean on your personal network.

Exercising can also be helpful in preventing negative mental health issues after a traumatic event.

Exposure to media about the traumatic event, particularly graphic images and videos, is linked with worse mental health outcomes. Limiting your media consumption is particularly important for people directly linked to the attack.

Faith-based or spiritual practices may help some people to find meaning after a traumatic event, or to draw comfort from their community and rituals.

Finding small ways to help or give back, such as charity or blood donations, or attending memorials can reduce feelings of helplessness.

Coping strategies such as avoidance, emotional numbing and disconnection tend to be less helpful. Instead, deliberately reflecting about the event, problem-solving and seeking understanding are more effective for promoting recovery.

PTSD can follow a traumatic event

Most people psychologically recover after experiencing a traumatic event, with their distress reducing over time. For many people, the initial feelings and impact on day-to-day functioning significantly reduce within the first month after the traumatic event.

However, some people may have more severe or prolonged reactions. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a condition that mcay develop in some people following exposure to a traumatic event.

Symptoms of PTSD include:

  • being on high alert for danger
  • avoiding reminders of the event
  • having flashbacks of the event or nightmares
  • negative changes in your mood, relationships, or thoughts about yourself.

PTSD is common after a terrorist attack. Around 20% of people who witness terrorist attacks may develop PTSD.

When you might need additional support

While most people who experience traumatic events don’t have ongoing symptoms of PTSD, some people might need professional support.

If symptoms of PTSD are still present three months after the trauma exposure and significantly interfering with your everyday life, then it might be time to seek professional support.

Psychological treatments, including trauma-focused cognitive behaviour therapy and eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR) are effective for trauma responses, including PTSD.

If you need additional support, reaching out to your GP is a good place to start. Your GP can support you with a referral to a psychologist who specialises in trauma.

If this article has raised issues for you, call Lifeline on 13 11 14 or you can find further resources here.The Conversation

Chelsea Arnold, Clinical Psychologist and Research Fellow (Lead Clinician), Monash University; Kathleen de Boer, Clinical Psychologist, Lecturer in Clinical Psychology, Swinburne University of Technology, and Toni Pikoos, Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Clinical Psychologist, ReadyMind Co-Founder, Swinburne University of Technology

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.